The impact of European Expansion

Question 1

Porugese in Afirca

Answer 1

built forts on the western and eastern coast of Africa, tried to dominate trade in gold in Africa, began exploring in the 15th century

Question 2

Dutch East India Company

Answer 2

base to Southern Africa to provide provisions ot Dutch ships going to the Spice Isaldns, then became a permantent colony

Question 3

Dutch in Africa

Answer 3

took porgese forts along west Africna coast and trade across Indian ocean, Boers (farmers) settled because of moderate climates and freedom from tropical diseases

Question 4

middle passage

Answer 4

middle leg of triangle trade, slaves closely packed and unsanitary (high death rate), neeeded more slaves (went farther inland), rulers became concerend (king Affonso of COngo) and saw slave trade as source of income and raided villages,

Question 5

triangle trade

Answer 5

europea to africa (manufacture goods for slaves), africa to americas (slaves and sold), america to euopre (brought stuff to European markets)

Question 6

effect of slave trade

Answer 6

lives of slaves and families, importanation of cheap manufatured goods (undermine local cottage industries, forcing families into poverty), depopulation (african communities deprived of men and women), need of supplycause warfare (africans attack neighors), affected african countries (benin lost faith and got corrupt), europeans accept slavery (saw them as inferior and fit for slave trade)

Question 7

portugese in southeast asia

Answer 7

couldn’t dominate trade because it lacked welahty and was too small, competition with psain and dutch

Question 8

spain in southeast asia

Answer 8

gained control over philipines and began trading across pacific

Question 9

duch

Answer 9

POWERFUL, got porguese forts and pushed them out of spice trade, drove english out of spice trade, began to consolide political and military control (brought inland regions under their control, established pepper planations) SOUTH EAST ASIA

Question 10

portugese in mainland South east Asia

Answer 10

first one come in 16th century, created limited trade relations with several mainlandstates

Question 11

everyone else in mainaldn southeast asia

Answer 11

17th century, began to compete for trade and missionary privilages (mainaldn states drove them out)

Question 12

westernes in vietnamn

Answer 12

both took different sides in local politics, set up trading posts and left them becasue of limitations of economic opporunties, french missionaries tried to convert people to Chrisanitity, but it was considered a threat to presitge of emperor

Question 13

vienam

Answer 13

arrival of forgieners casued internal conflict among rulers, led ot civil war and divison of country

Question 14

cohesive nature of mainland southeast asia

Answer 14

allowed them to resist europeans (burma, thailand, and vietnam saw themselves as one political entitiy)

Question 15

Malay states of southeast asia

Answer 15

less cohesion, victicms of our own resources (europeans wanted spices and control of it)

Question 16

Mughals

Answer 16

brought Hindo and Muslim kingdoms in unity after portuese came, founded by Babur

Question 17

potugese in India

Answer 17

first to come to India, dominated regional trade in Indian Ocean

Question 18

English in Inida

Answer 18

17th, establishe don Southeastern Coast, traded cotton goods to east Indies and barted spices, success attracked rivals (dutch and french), robert clive and refuseal of french governemtn to fund french helped when french competed with them

Question 19

french in India

Answer 19

more persitnet than Dutch, established forsts on east coast, becase they french governemtn refused to fund thme, they were restricted to fort Pondicherry and terriotires in the South east

Question 20

dutch in Inida

Answer 20

17th cenutyr: concnertere on spice trade

Question 21

robert clive

Answer 21

british, brought together British control in Bengal (ruler put british in Fort William Black Hole of Clacutta), after defeated mughal led army (more than 10 times size in Battle of Plascay) the british east India Comapny recieved from Mughal the authroity to collect taxes from lands surrounding Clacultta

Question 22

East India Company in India

Answer 22

expanding their authroity to interiorr of India, needed (money that would pay expensive military operation), ENGLISH

Question 23

China

Answer 23

at the height of its power, eueopans were seen as barbians

Question 24

Ming Dynasty

Answer 24

was great when portugese landed, exteneded rule to Mongolia and Central Asia, reconquered Vietnam, strengthened great Wall, made peace with nomadic tribsement, major epidemic cause peasnt revolt led by Li Zeheng)

Question 25

Machus

Answer 25

farming and hunting people, lived in northeast of China, conquered beijin, declared Qing dyansty

Question 26

quing dyansty

Answer 26

had strong rulers, corrected serious soical and economic life, restored peace, military campgains were expensive and heavy demands on treasury and population growth led to economic hardships

Question 27

English in China

Answer 27

trade with china increased, qing government confined Eruopean tradesr to small isaldnt o limit contacts between them, British accepted them, but then wanted to access to other cities along coast and China be opend to British goods

Question 28

Japan

Answer 28

achieved unfication, bought European weapons (used them to defeat and unify), missionaries became involved with politics (expelled them), japanese christians persecuted, government closed trading posts (Dutch not closed off though)

Question 29

Dutch in japan

Answer 29

DID NOT LET MISSIONARY ACTIVITY INTERFERE

Question 30

Spanish in Japan

Answer 30

let missionary activity interefer with trade

Question 31

Spain in the America

Answer 31

16th century: established large colonial empire, mained South American empire
17th century: commerical power decline (drop in outpu of silver mines and poverty of Spanish monarchy)

Question 32

Porgual in the Americas

Answer 32

16th century: established large colonial empires, profited from emprie in Brazil

Question 33

The Americas

Answer 33

competition with ENglish Dutch and french

Question 34

English and Frenchin West Indies

Answer 34

had large part of West Indies, developed planation economy worked by African slaves

Question 35

sugar factories

Answer 35

in the caribbean, 18th century, french produced more at Saint Dominigue

Question 36

Dutch in North America

Answer 36

one of first to esatlibsh settlements, henry Hudon (english) discovered Hudson river, established colony of new netherelands, competition in 17th century with English and French led to desire of Dutch commerical empire

Question 37

English in Norther America

Answer 37

James town barely survived (showed tha tcolonizieng of American lands was not neccesairly conductive to quick profits), desire to practice own’s religion and economic interests led to successful colonization, port cities resisted regulation from british governemtn, colonies in NOrth America and west indies assigned roels in keeping with merchantsilist theory

Question 38

merchanistlistic theory

Answer 38

provided raw materials for mother country while burying latter’s manufactured goods

Question 39

jacques Carier

Answer 39

(discovered st. lawrence river and laid claim to canada as french possesion)

Question 40

canada

Answer 40

became property of French crown, treated by french province,

Question 41

french north america

Answer 41

jacquest carier, canada, thiny populated (french couldn’t get people to emigrate to Candaa), trading area, Eruopean take their providences (couldn’t provided men or money)

Question 42

british and French rivarly

Answer 42

spanish and portugese depend on resources from thier colonies and kept others out, british and french too powerful to be exlcluded,

Question 43

origin of slave trade

Answer 43

had existed in the Middle East and European countries, then with the discover of the americas and planting of sugar cane change everything
15th century: porguese taking more slaves to Euopre and set up sugar planations in central coast of Africa, existed in Middle East (domestic slaves),
16the century: more sugar cane planation in Brazil and caribbean, need more labroers

Question 44

growth of the slave trade

Answer 44

triangular trade, middle passage, move rather inland to find slaves (some rulers became concerned), local rulers use slavery as source of income (raided other villages), african middle men active in process of obtaining slave and dictated price and number of slaves