The Humanistic Approach

Question 1

the key assumption of the humanistic approach

Answer 1

importance of self

Question 2

the different type of selfs

Answer 2

self expression
self image
elf -esteem
ideal self

Question 3

self expression

Answer 3

The ways in which an individual conducts themselves across various domains. eg peronal, professional, porting concept

Question 4

self image

Answer 4

The ‘picture’ one has of oneself, formed from a sense of uniqueness and interactions with others
tends to be realistic view

Question 5

what can secure self image lead to

Answer 5

resilience and belief in limitless opportunites for self improvement and growth

Question 6

self esteem

Answer 6

extent to which an individual feels good about themelves and believe tehy are worthy of love

Question 7

ideal self

Answer 7

the perfect of themself according to ones own ideas and aspirations as opposed to external expectation

Question 8

what is congruence

Answer 8

The state where a person’s self-image completely overlaps with their ideal self

Question 9

requirement for full congruence

Answer 9

achieving elf actualisation

Question 10

what is unconditional positive regard

Answer 10

an attitude of accepting and caring for someone else regardless of their actions and words needed for healthy development

Question 11

What did Carl Rogers suggest about congruence in therapy?

Answer 11

Therapy Approach: Introduced in the 1940s with client-centred therapy.

Unconditional Positive Regard:
Therapist does not judge the client, openly or silently.

Therapist accepts all traits, behaviours, and flaws of the client.

Goal: Help the client view themselves with unconditional positive regard.

Question 12

what happens if gap between real and ideal self is too wide

Answer 12

suffer incongruence and self actualisation will not be possible

Question 13

what is conditions of love

Answer 13

instances where someone believes that they have to behave to gain approval and love of others

and that it can also lead psychological issues and damage later on in adulthood if the conditions arent met

Question 14

Evaluation of congruence, conditions of worth & the influence on counselling psychology: praised for aspects of person being treated

Answer 14

removes blame and guilt and shame who attend counseling
This form of counseling is likely to lead to a good rate of client retention and lack of client attrition

Question 15

Evaluation of congruence, conditions of worth & the influence on counselling psychology: vague and imprecise

Answer 15

makes it difficult to structure sessions and access ideas
nay rely more on the therapist rather than the system
lack of consistency
limits reliability

Question 16

Evaluation of congruence, conditions of worth & the influence on counselling psychology: UCP may not help all patients

Answer 16

May not help clients who need to confront negative, conflicted aspects of themselves for meaningful change.

unconditional acceptance mayy prevent the therapist from actually challenging the client
hinder addressing significant issues eg addiction

Question 17

the key assumptions

Answer 17

each indvdl is unique
humans have free will

science shouldnt be used to explain behaviour

human viewed holistically and not reduced to parts

Question 18

what is free will

Answer 18

human are self determining beings that have control over their own behaviour

Question 19

the theories in the humanistic approach

Answer 19

maslows hierarchy of needs
roger client centred therapy
unconditional positive regard
self actualisation

Question 20

who is abraham maslow

Answer 20

one of the founders of humansistic approach
devised the hierarchy of needs

Question 21

what is Maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer 21

pyramid outlining path to achieving self-actualisation
the higher one ascends the ore fufilling their life becomes

Question 22

levels of the pyramid of the hieracrchy of needs

Answer 22

physiological needs
safety needs
social needs
esteem needs
self actualisation

Question 23

physiological needs

Answer 23

covers all essential elements eg food and water
impossible to move up without these

Question 24

safety needs

Answer 24

need for security, protection, predictability, and freedom from harm. eg Personal security, Financial security, Health and well-being

essential for stability achieving higher becomes challenging without it

Question 25

social needs

Answer 25

focused on building a supportive network and feeling connected.
eg friendship, love, intimacy

even with financial success without meaningful relationships it prevents true fulfillment

Question 26

what are esteem needs

Answer 26

involving the desire for respect, recognition, and self-worth.
eg person may be best ports player but feel worthless due to parental disinterest

Question 27

self actualisation

Answer 27

achievement of a person’s full potential, becoming the best version of themselves
when achieved all previous levels
can be continual as new ambition and goals are set

Question 28

free will, self-actualisation & Maslow’s hierarchy of needs AO3: holistic view

Answer 28

Acknowledges that each person experiences reality in a unique way, even when sharing aspects with others.

Focuses on individual meaning and experiences, recognizing the diversity and richness of human life.

The idiographic approach (focus on the individual) enhances ecological validity by reflecting real-world experiences rather than abstract theories.

Question 29

free will, self-actualisation & Maslow’s hierarchy of needs AO3:application to a range of fields

Answer 29

applied to business settings: help to set goals for staff to motivation
applied to educational settings:
setting target grades to motivate students

Question 30

free will, self-actualisation & Maslow’s hierarchy of needs AO3: only applicable to individualistic cultures

Answer 30

limited relevance and generalisability

Question 31

free will, self-actualisation & Maslow’s hierarchy of needs AO3: vague and lack of scientific rigour

Answer 31

difficult to operationalise and measure eg what point exactly is self actualisation achieved and how can it be recorded
lacks reliability and too open to interpretation