The human reproductive system Flashcards
Puberty
-reproductive organs grow to adult size -become functional
Reproductive system matures in humans…
During puberty 10-14 years for girls 12-16 years for boys
Sex hormones
Testosterone Oestrogen
Testosterone function in males
Stimulates reproductive organs to develop Sex drive Secondary sexual characteristics
Male primary sex organs
Gonads or testes Epididymis Bulbourethral gland Prostrate gland Seminal vesicle Penis
Male secondary sexual characteristics
Deep voice (enlarged larynx) Hair growth all over body (especially armpits, pubic region and beard) Enlarged skeletal muscles Heavier skeleton
Female primary sex organs
Ovaries Fallopian tubes Uterus Cervix Vagina Vulva
Function of testes in males
Make sperm by spermatogenesis Testosterone production
Secondary sexual characteristics in females
Breasts Growth underarm and pubic hair Widening of hips
Secondary sexual characteristics
Characteristics are features that distinguish the two sexes of a species Not directly part of the reproductive system
External sac holding testes
Scrotum
Location where sperm produced in testes
Seminiferous tubules
Interstitial cells
Produce testosterone in the testes
The physical process whereby sperm are released
Ejaculation
Semen includes
Sperm Secretions from: Seminal vesicle Prostrate gland Bulbourethral gland
A sensitive region of the penis covered by retractable skin, the foreskin
Glans
The three main regions of a sperm cell
Headpiece Midpiece Tail
Spermatogenesis
The process of producing mature sperm in the testes
Hormones regulating spermatogenesis
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Testosterone
Follicle-stimulating hormone is secreted by…
The pituitary gland
Spermatogonia
Cells in the outermost layer of the seminiferous tubules (in testes) Form stem cells for sperm production
Cells involved in the stages of making sperm (spermatogenesis)
Spermatogonia Stem cells Primary spermatocyte Four haploid spermatids Late spermatids (developing) Sperm
Cell division that results in gametes
Meiosis
Follicles involved in oogenesis
Primary follicle Growing follicle Graafian follicle (Ovulation) Ruptured follicle Corpus luteum
Vagina function
- Passageway for menstrual blood to leave the body 2. Receives penis and semen during copulation 3. Passageway for baby delivery
