the human environment Flashcards
Distinguish between the 4 classifications of resources.
continuous resources: all intent and purpose will never run out ex: wind
renewable resources: can naturally regenerate as long as availability to do so isnt irreversibly damaged ( ex; clean water )
non-renewable resources: available in specific places and only in finite quantities cause rate too long to regenerate ( mineral )
Extrinsic resources: all aspect of the human species, renewable ( ex; people or skills )
Resources are simply ____________ appraisal of the material world.
cultural appraisal
All environmental issues result from?
a mismatch between extrinsic resources and natural resources
What are the 5 drivers underlying environmental issues?
demographic drivers, sociopolitical, economic, scientific, technological
What aspect of the world’s population is widely recognized as one of the most clear cut drivers
behind the impact on the environment.
growth in the global human pop
As population grows we use more ______________ and create more ___________________.
more resources and create more waste
What is the “Malthusian perspective”?
population growth would eventually outstrip food production and bad famine conflict and human misery
When did the human population reach the first billion population?
1804
What are the two most significant changes in human history?
the agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution
Why are cities of such concern?
more consumption per person and more resources used
How is the growth of our economies fueled?
by our resources
Who are disproportionately responsible for environmental issues? Why?
colonialism, international trade, flow of capital
Distinguish between the reasons for environmental degradation on the part of the rich and the
poor.
wealthy impact is driven by intense use of resources ( overconsumption ) and poor degree environment because they have no option
What are the two perspectives on the relationship between technology and population growth?
- technological development lead to pop growth ( more food leads to more people for example )
- technological development results from the need of technology because more people
How could population growth and resources actually be good for the environment?
any problems that leads to growth of pop will be resolved by new innovations
How can technology be both good and bad for the environment?
good: energy conservation promotes by renewable energy that are being developed
bad: technological development are responsible for much environment degradation.
What are the 4 human induced imbalances?*
process and structure of economics, politics and society*
Explain the “Tragedy of the Commons” theory.
argues that resources under a common ownership are prone to overuse and abuse.
Does common ownership always result in environmental degradation?Why or why not?
No some are well manage strong social and cultural leaders.
Give an example of the economic inequality that is present at the global level.
the top 62 richest people have the same wealth as 3.6 billion people
How is debt related to this inequality?
Poor countries are in debt to the countries and banks of the richest countries
What are the two positions on TNC investment in developing countries?
TNC “transnational corporation”
engine of growth capable of eliminating economic inequality
major obstacle to the development
At the national scale the inequality that often exists is best seen in which divide?
The pattern is often manifested in a rural/urban divide
Why are the poor and disadvantaged both the victims and agents of environmental degradation?
They will not on their land because they are poor but they will not invest in long-term tools so not good for them often in low resources places
Explain what is meant by the intergenerational inequalities that exist.
Pollution and non-renewable resources will be the same for a future generation
what is Cornucopian point of view
Environmental issues easy resolved. environmental issues often exaggerated.
what is ; Deep Ecology point of view
Calls for a profound shift in attitude and personal behaviour
what is ecofeminism point of view
Viewing domination and oppression of women and nature by men
what is Gaia hypothesis
All living things have a regulatory effects on the earth environment that promote life
environmental Keynesianism
Spending on green objective can rescue the economy from recession in the planet from destruction
what is TEK?
Traditional ecological knowledge often in indigenous tradition
