other Flashcards
what are the two type of environment challenges
systemic ( direct impact on systems – climate change
• global action ) and cumulative ( act in concert with other changes – deforestation and soil degradation
• local action )
what can be define as ownership issues
the tragedy of the commons
why is poverty bad for the environment
inability to protection environments
what are the 2 biggest threats to our environment
poverty and unequal distribution of
resources
Why Markets Fail the environment challenges
not all resources can be owned • externalities • air pollution, nuclear waste, etc. • governments often provide subsidies which distort markets • trade subsidies to encourage exports • energy subsidies aimed at large supply projects (oil, coal) • cost accounting • incomplete information • discounting of the future
what can politic do for the environmental problems
taxation, laws
what are The three E’s of sustainability
equity, economics and ecology
what can be define as The Runaway Train
The rise in population and pollution, the acceleration of technology,
and the concentration of wealth and power, are all runaway trains
• As we’ve seen over the course of this semester they are all linked together - poverty is key element
what can be define as The Dinosaur
• Hostility to change from vested interests, coupled with inertia at all levels of
society
• Rooted in “market fundamentalism” - the idea that markets, left to their own
devices, will solve all problems
• Like the dinosaurs, the days are numbered for these outdated ideas
what can be define as The House of Cads
History shows us that civilizations fall quite suddenly
what are the 4 things needed for a efficient agriculture ( right now )
cheap labor
fertil soil
good climate
affluent costumers
what is the bad side of biotechnology to increase efficiency in seeds
the poorest have to rely on the richest
blue revolution =
aquaculture 40% of global fish
issues with aquaculture
escarpment of fish dangerous for ecosystems
disease and sea Lise
predator control ( kill other species )
what is one solution to the issues of aquaculture
close containment or increase biomass
what is agroecology
set of process that try to mimic natural process in agriculture
what does agroecology focus on
interaction of the species ( diversity )
what are some problems of agriculture
Deforestation,
chemical pesticide
lost of soil and chemical into water
drought ( lost of trees )
what are some benefits of agroecology
water regulation soil enrichment micro-climate ( provide water and shade ) carbon sequestration ( trees ) Biodiversity crop polination natural pest control wildlife habitat
benefits for the famers ( agroecology )
increase quality of life, increase yield, diversification of their activity, higher income, social development,
what is Agri-silvi-cultural system
trees and crops mixed
what is silvo-pastoral system
trees and livestock mixed
what is agro-silvo-pastoral system
trees, livestock and crops mixed
what are the bad aspects of agroecology
a lot of labour, a lot of knowledge, takes a long time, good planning and more money short term
what is the efficiency paradox
as more efficient= use more
what are the 3 energy that doesn’t come from the sun
nuclear, tidal power and geothermal
how is economic growth into the issue
economic growth is link with energy use
