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Biology Honors > The History of Life > Flashcards

The History of Life Flashcards

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0
Q

Earth was a molten body when it formed…

A

4.6 billion years ago.

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1
Q

Fossil is…

A

Any preserved evidence an organism.

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2
Q

The surface was rich in…

A

Lighter elements

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3
Q

There was no……… In earths atmosphere

A

Oxygen

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4
Q

Trace fossil is…

A

Any indirect evidence left by an organism. Footprints, feces.

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5
Q

Molds and casts are…

A

An impression of an organism. Cast… Mold filled with sediment.

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6
Q

Replacement is…

A

The original material of an organism is replaced with mineral crystals that can leave detailed replicas of hard or soft parts.

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7
Q

Petrified or permineralized is…

A

Empty pore spaces are filled in by minerals, such as petrified wood.

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8
Q

Amber is…

A

Preserved tree sap traps an entire organism. It hardens into Amber and preserves it.

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9
Q

Original material is…

A

Mummification our freezing preserves original organisms.

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10
Q

Fossils are formed in..

A

Sedimentary rock

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11
Q

Paleontologist studies…

A

Fossils

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12
Q

Relative Dating is…

A

A method used to determine the age of rocks by comparing them with those in other layer]s.

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13
Q

Law of Superposition is…

A

A law that states that younger layers of rocks are positioned on top of the older ones.

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14
Q

Radiometric dating is…

A

Use the decay of radioactive isotopes to measure the age of a rock.

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15
Q

Half-life is…

A

The medium time.

16
Q

Radiometric dating is used only on…

A

Ingenious and Metamorphic rocks.

17
Q

Geologic Time Scale is…

A

A record of Earth’s history.

18
Q

Epochs last…

A

Several million years. Are the smallest unit of geologic time.

19
Q

Periods last…

A

Tens of millions of years. Consist of two or more epochs.

20
Q

Eras last…

A

Hundreds of millions of years. Two or more periods.

21
Q

Eons last…

A

Billions of years. Longest unit of geologic time.

22
Q

Precambrian Era

A

Cells appear.

23
Q

Paleozoic Era

A

Cambrian explosion. First animals appear. Insects appeared.

24
Q

Mesozoic Era

A

Periods: Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Birds appear, Dinosaurs scatter Mammals appear Mass extinction, K-T Boundary Meteorite

25
Q

Cenozoic

A

Mammals scatter Primates start to appear. Ice ages occur. Humans appear.

26
Q

Spontaneous Generation

A

The idea that life arises from non life. Francesco Redi, tested the idea and proved wrong.

27
Q

Theory of Biogenesis

A

States that only living organisms can produce other living organisms. Louis Pasteur experimented this idea with flasks and chicken broth.

28
Q

Miller-Urey Experiment

A

People thought that life came from the atmosphere by lightning. They tested this and proved it was right. Organic Compounds like AMINO ACIDS were produced.

29
Q

Proteins

A

Were made by amino acids sticking to small clay particles. This prevented unstable proteins.

30
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory

A

Prokaryotes lived inside eukaryotes and transformed overtime to the mitochondria and the chloroplast.

31
Q

Young Earth was…

A

Hotter than it is today.

32
Q

Primordial Soup

A

Lightning and sunlight make organic compounds.

33
Q

Organic molecules could have been synthesized on the…

A

Atmosphere and ocean

34
Q

Order of Geologic Time

A

Paleozoic–Mesozoic–Cenozoic

Biology Honors (6 decks)

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