Evolution

Question 1

Natural Selection=

Answer 1

Evolution

Question 2

Galapagos Islands

Answer 2

Different species than around the islands.

Question 3

Artificial Selection

Answer 3

Selective Breeding

Humans are involved.

Question 4

Natural Selection

Answer 4

Natural Selection for survival.

Evolution.

Question 5

Evolution

Answer 5

Cumulative changes in groups of organisms through time.

Question 6

Derived Traits

Answer 6

Newly evolved features.

Don’t appear in ancestors fossils.

Question 7

Ancestral Traits

Answer 7

More primitive features.

Appear on ancestral forms.

Question 8

Homologous structures

Answer 8

Anatomically similar structures inherited from a common ancestor.

Question 9

Vestigial Structures

Answer 9

Structures that are the reduced form of functional structures in other organisms.

Question 10

Analogous Structures

Answer 10

Same purpose and can be superficially similar in construction but are not inherited from a common ancestor.

Question 11

Biogeography

Answer 11

Study of the distribution of plants and animals around the world.

Question 12

Fitness

Answer 12

A measure of the relative contribution that an individual trait makes to the next generation.

Question 13

Camouflage

Answer 13

Morphological adaptions that allow animal to blend in with their environments.

Question 14

Mimicry

Answer 14

One species evolves to resemble another species.

Question 15

Antimicrobial resistance

Answer 15

Resistance made by mutation.

Question 16

Genetic Drift

Answer 16

Any change in the allelic frequencies in a population that results from chance.

Question 17

Founder effect

Answer 17

An extreme example of genetic drift.

Small sample of a population settles in a location separated from the rest of the population.

Question 18

Bottleneck

Answer 18

A population declines to a very low number and then rebounds.

Question 19

Stabilizing Selection

Answer 19

The most common form of natural selection.
Eliminates extreme expressions of a trait when the average expressions of a trait when the average expression leads to higher fitness.

Question 20

Directional Selection

Answer 20

Increases the expression of the extreme versions of a trait in a population.

Question 21

Sexual Selection

Answer 21

Change in frequency of a trait is based on the ability to attract a mate.
Populations that male and females differ.

Question 22

Disruptive Selection

Answer 22

A process that splits a population into two groups.

Question 23

Prezygotic Isolating Mechanisms

Answer 23

Operate before fertilization occurs.

Question 24

Postzygotic Isolating Mechanisms

Answer 24

Operate after fertilization has occurred to ensure that the resulting hybrid remains infertile.

Question 25

Allopatric Speciation

Answer 25

A physical barrier that divides one population into two or more populations.

Question 26

Sympatric Speciation

Answer 26

A species evolves into a new species without a physical barrier.

Question 27

Adaptive Radiation

Answer 27

Dramatic example of speciation.
Can occur in a relatively short period when one species gives rise to many species in response to the creation of a new habitat or another ecological opportunity.

Question 28

Gradualism

Answer 28

Evolution proceeds in small gradual steps.

Question 29

Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 29

Attempts to explain such abrupt transitions in the fossil record.

Question 30

Evolution formed from…

Answer 30

Darwin looking at mockingbirds’ different beaks.

Question 31

Industrial Mechanism

Answer 31

When industrialism has to do with adaptations.