The Heart

Question 1

Where is the heart located?

Answer 1

Between the lungs within the mediastinum

Question 2

The ________ exits the anterior/superior portion of the right ventricle then splits into the Left and right ____________. It carries ________ blood out of the heart to the lungs.

Answer 2

1.) pulmonary trunk
2.) pulmonary arteries
3.) deoxygenated

Question 3

___________ enter the left atrium superiority and posteriorly and carry _________ blood returning from the lungs

Answer 3

1.) Pulmonary veins
2.) oxygenated

Question 4

__________ enters the right atrium superiority carrying __________ blood from parts of the body superior to the heart.

Answer 4

1.) superior vena cava
2.) deoxygenated

Question 5

________ enters the right atrium inferiorly and carries _________ blood from parts of the body inferior to the heart.

Answer 5

1.) inferior vena cava
2.) deoxygenated

Question 6

The heart consists of what 3 layers?

Answer 6

1.) epicardium ( outer layer)
2.) myocardium ( middle layer, cardiac muscle)
3.) endocardium ( inner layer, continuous with epithelium)

Question 7

The _______ atrium receives blood from the 4 pulmonary veins

Answer 7

Left.

2 from left lung
2 from right lung

Question 8

Right ______ receives blood from the right atrium.

Answer 8

Ventricle

Question 9

What are the 2 types of circulation?

Answer 9

1.) pulmonary circulation ( from the right half of the heart to lungs for oxygenated blood and back to the left half of the heart)

2.) systemic circulation ( from the left half of the heart to the capillary beds of the body to deliver oxygen and pick up carbon dioxide and back to right half of the heart

Question 10

At rest there are _____ L of blood pumped per minute by the heart

Answer 10

5

Question 11

What is the path of systemic circulation?

Answer 11

Superior or inferior vena cava—-> right atrium——>tricuspid valve
—-> right ventricle—->pulmonary semilunar valve—-> pulmonary trunk—->pulmonary arteries

Question 12

What is the path of pulmonary circulation?

Answer 12

Pulmonary veins—-> left atrium—-> bicuspid valve—->left ventricle—-
—->aortic semilunar valve—->aorta

Question 13

P wave represents ______ which spreads from SA node through both atria

Answer 13

Atrial depolarization

Question 14

QRS complex represents onset of _________

Answer 14

Ventricular depolarization

Question 15

T wave represents ______?

Answer 15

Ventricular repolarization

Question 16

What is the contraction phase of the heart beat called?

Answer 16

Systole

Question 17

What is the relaxation phase of the heart beat called?

Answer 17

Diastole

Question 18

The 1st sound “lubb” is due to what?

Answer 18

The closure of the AV valves shortly after ventricular systole occurs ( longer and louder then 2nd sound)

Question 19

The 2nd sound “dubb” is due to what?

Answer 19

Closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular diastole

Question 20

The cardiac output refers to what?

Answer 20

The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta each minute