The Great Patriotic War Flashcards
what was lend lease?
the scheme developed by Roosevelt to supply Britian and later Russia with American resources
when did Russia begin recieving aid through the lend lease policy?
1941
how much or Russia’s goods were provided through the policy of lend lease?
4%
what did Russia get from the lend lease policy? (4)
- 10% of tanks
- 12% of airplanes
- 66% of jeeps
- 17% of daily calories of Russian soldiers from American food
why was russia only fighting a war on one front?
allied support
What did Stalin call WW2?
The Great Patriotic war
Why did Stalin refer to WW2 as the Great Patriotic war?
to appeal to Russian nationalism in an attempt to keep morale high
What did emphasis on the Great Patriotic war stress?
That the soldiers were fighting for Russia and not socialism
What did Gosplan do to heavy industry during WW2?
organised the relocation of heavy industry from areas under threat from Nazis to safer areas in the East
When did preparation of the war economy begin?
During the second five year plan in 1936
By how much did armaments production increase during 1941 and 1944?
doubled
How much of the countries income was spent on war by 1942?
50%
How many factories were relocated?
1,523
What did the reloaction of industry ensure?
Armaments, war production and industry could continue to produce essential goods for war
Who did Stalin invite to Moscow?
Patriarch Sergius
What did Patriarch Sergius do?
supported Stalin’s war effort and encouraged Russian people to do the same
What were industrial workers required to do at night?
help in the fields during the harvest season
What were woman on farms required to do?
Perform tasks previously performed by machinery and animals such as being yoked to ploughs
In what way did the government show its toleration of religion?
- anti religious propoganda seised
2. 414 churches were reopened
How many churches was reopened during WW2?
414
When was operation Barbarossa launched and what was it?
Launched on 22nd June 1941, it was the code name for the invasion of the Soviet union
What did the Kremlin recieve a week before the launch of operation Barbarossa?
information from Richard Sorge, a comintern agent, which provided hard evidence that Germany was about to invade
What was Stalin response to Sorge’s message?
He refused to believe it
What were the results of Stalin refusing to believe the German invasion?
Inertia, his underlings could not take the initiative allowing German forces to advance easily into Soviet territory
What happened during operation Barbarossa as a result of people hatred of Stalin and what was the German reaction to this?
Local soviet populations welcomed the German invaders, however, blinded by Nazi racial theory, the Germans treated the Slav peoples of the areas they over ran with savagery
What policy did Stalin suggest in his radio broadcast of July 1941?
Scorched earth methods of warfare
Why was the defeat at Stalingrad significant?
it proved Hitler’s armies were not invincible and gave real promise of final victory to the western allies
Reasons for Soviet defeat of the Nazi’s?
- German forces overstretched
- Vastness of Russia
- bad winters
- Hitler’s strategic error
- Stalin’s leadership
- Lend Lease
- Soviet ruthlessness
