Five Year Plans Flashcards
dates of the first five year plan
1928 to 1932
dates of the second five year plan
1933 to 1937
dates of the third five year plan
1938 to 1941
dates of the fourth five year plan
1946 to 1950
dates of the fifth five year plan
1951 to 1955
ideological causes of the five year plans (2)
- socialism only possible in highly advanced country, russia was economically backward
- believed the revolution should serve the working class and that NEP benefited peasants
political causes of the five year plans (2)
- Stalin wanted to prove he was no longer Lenin’s pupil
2. Stalin was concerned that Russia would be unable to defend itself against attack
evidence that Stalin no longer wanted to be seen as Lenin’s pupil?
1929 speech in which he listed Lenin’s mistakes, Lenin’s Russia was over and Stalin’s Russia was beginning
economic causes of the five year plans
NEP’s failure to industrialise Russia
success’s of the first five year plan (4)
- targets ‘met’ in four years
- electricity output trebled
- coal producation went from 35.5 million tonnes in 1927 to 75 million tonnes in 1932
- steel production from 4 million tonnes in 1927 to 10.4 million tonnes in 1932
what were the failures of the first five year plan (5)
- meeting of targets down to over enthusiastic reporting
- targets for chemical industry not met
- consmer goods neglected
- too few skilled workers and too little effective centeral coordination
- quantity over quality
what were the five main aims of the first five year plan?
- develop heavy industry
- boost overall production by 300%
- improve transport
- electrification, generate 6 times more power by 1928
- feed industrial workforce
what were the four main aims of the second five year plan?
- heavy industry
- promote growth of light industry
- develop communication links
- foster engineering and tool making
what were the success’s of the second five year plan? (5)
- the three good years
- electricity and chemical industries grew
- steel output trebled
- coal production doubled
- by 1937, the USSR was self sufficent in metal goods and machine tools
failures of the second five year plan (4)
- oil production didnt meet targets
- tractor production missed target (166.7 thousand target to 66.5 thousand realisation)
- consumer goods neglected
- quantity over quality
which movement took off during the second five year plan?
the Stakhanovite movement
what two things were constructed during the three good years?
- moscow metro opened in 1935
2. Volga Canal in 1937
how many died during the construction of the Volga Canal?
22,000, mainly prisoners
what were the three main aims the third five year plan?
- rise industrial production by 92%
- rearmament
- complete transition to communist
what was the biggest obstacle facing the third five year plan?
the dearth of good managers following the purges of the 1930s
what effectivly ended the third five year plan?
the german invasion of 1941
what were living conditions like in towns and cities as a result of increased population?
workers lived in cramped apartments where they had to cope with inadequate sanitation and erratic water supplies.
what could lateness or absenteesim during the five years plans result in?
dismissal, eviction from housing and lose of benefits
why was the fourth five year plan successful?
war reperations, good central planning and the effort of the soviet people
how many collective farms were offically destroyed during WWII?
98,000
What were Gosplans job?
ensure that overall economic objectives of the five year plans were met
Why were the targets of the first five year plan overly ambitious?
- it was an experiment and there were no obvious examples elsewhere.
- peope were affraid to question the regime for fear of being labelled disloyal
