The Grand Alliance, Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam conferences and dropping the bomb, the two telegrams and the iron curtain speech Flashcards
background info
towards the end of ww2 the 3 main allies Britain America and soviet unions held 3 meeting to decide the consequences of the war and what should happen to Germany
what were the 3 main conferences
tehran
yalta
postdam
when was the Tehran conference
1943
which leaders were present and Tehran
Stalin
Roosevelt
Churchill
land consequences of Tehran
- agreed that Russia could keep land in Eastern Europe, including Poland making Germany as weak as possible
- this was very good for Russia as it meant it would again lots of land in the east
military consequences of Tehran
usa and Britain would launch a 2nd attack on Germany so the German army would have to reduce its troops in the east against Russia to fight in the west
-giving Russia another chance to take land away from Germany
International relations consequences of Tehran
agreed that an International organisation should be created to settle arguments between counties use disscusions rather than war
negatives of Tehran conference
Russia seemed to be getting everything it wanted and britain feared it would loose its power and influence in the world after the struggles with war
positives of Tehran conference
- it improved relations between Britain USA and Russia by giving Russia everything it wanted
- Tehran conference was held near soviet union so this also improved relations as it showed a trusting relationship between them
what did the Tehran conference eventually lead to?
the creation of the united nations
which of the three leaders did the Yalta conference have
stalin
Churchill
roosevelt
What happened during the tower of Yalta
Russia had defeated Germany and now had controls over eastern europe
Stalin want to keep this land after the war Germany is very close to defeat Stalin want to keep this land after the war Germany is very close to defeat
Political consequences of Yalta
Churchill felt isolated after Stalin and Roosevelt got on well and made lots of agreements and made lots of agreements
Economic consequence of Yalta
Germany should pay 20 million in reparations and half would go to the soviet union
International relations consequence
they agreed to join the United Nations which organisation created to maintain peace
Why was the Yalta conference is important
Disagreement on what to do Germany showed some problems with the relationship between East and the West
It proved that Stalin was wanting more land also proving that Stalin could not have everything he wanted also
Who attended the Potsdam conference
Stalin
Truman
Atlee
Territorial consequences of the Potsdam conference
The Soviets troops had defeated Germany and not taking away their troops had defeated Germany and not taking away their troops from Eastern Europe
Political consequences
Communist government set up in Poland
Winston Churchill was replaced by Atlee
Military consequences
Stalin refused IMA demilitarise his Soviet Army at the time when the West reduced their army
International relationship consequence
After Roosevelts death Truman was the new president but Stalin did not trust him
The United Nations has now been created
Technological consequence
The Americans are tested another atomic bomb and the USSR was upset as they didn’t know
He felt left out an isolated
Military agreements at Potsdam
Germany will be demilitarised (all German troops removed)
Territory agreements made at Potsdam
Germany and Berlin would be divided into four zones discussed at the conference
Social and political agreements made in Potsdam
Democracy will be brought back to Germany is no longer dictatorship
Economic agreements at Potsdam
germany would pay reparations (most would go to the Soviet Union as they suffered most in the war)
Importance of the Potsdam conference
Disagreement and lack of experience
Clear difference between capitalism and communism
A summary of the grand Alliance meetings
The grand Alliance United when trying to defeat Nazi Germany but after this many different beliefs started to show
There were many issues they could not agree on
The two new leaders would not let darling everything he wantedThe two new leaders would not let Stalin get everything he wanted
how did the dropping of the atomic bomb make the relationship between the USA and Russia worse
The USA Believe it made them stronger but Russia felt that the USA were a greater danger the world and Russia
Stalin responded by taking control of More land in Eastern Europe between Germany and Russia as a buffer zone for their own protection for their own protection
The Russians hoped to show the USA that they could build their own nuclear weapons
This began to start the arms race
Who wrote the long Telegraph from Russia
George Kennan
What happened with a long Telegraph
He works with the diplomat of America in Moscow he sent a detailed telegram about what the Russian attitude was to America
He believes Stalin wanted see the destruction of capitalism
Kennan believe that Russia would back down if faced with a with a strong response from the USA
Why was long telegram important
America will continue to act strongly towards Russia and carry out a policy called containment
This means that America wanted to stop the spread of communism and containing the Soviet Union only
What was the Novikov telegram from the USA
The telegram sent by a Russian diplomat who worked in America shows that the Americans also did not trust the Russians
it told the Russians and Americans wanted to use their massive military to dominate the world and would not be frightened of war
what did the novikov telegram lead to
The Russians believing that they needed to occupy as much land in Eastern Europe is possible to protect themselves against attack if it came
When was Winston Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech
1946
Background information about the iron curtain speech
Winston Churchill was no longer prime minister but still had great respect and influence
On a visit to the USA he gave a speech which is was the Iron Curtain speech
Churchill started the Iron Curtain descended across Europe and behind the Iron Curtain there were states cont controlled by Moscow
Consequences of the Iron Curtain speech
It was the same year as the telegram so caused lots of tension as a Churchill meant Russia was a threat also showing the Americans agreed
Russian but communist government had been set up
Russian but communist government had been set up In hungry and Poland he saw this as a huge treat to the rest of Europe
What is a satellite state
A country whose government has been taken over and control by another country/government
