the globe

Question 1

hemispheres

Answer 1

1) southern
2) northern
3) eastern
4) western

Question 2

greenwich meridian

Answer 2

0* line of longitude

Question 3

equator

Answer 3

0* line of latitude

Question 4

earth’s axis

Answer 4

an imaginary line that passes between the north and south poles.
earth spins on its axis but we cannot feel it as earth is so big.
the sun’s rays can only shine on one side of earth.
the round shape means only one part can experience day and the other will experience night.

Question 5

world time and time zones

Answer 5

we measure time against the position of the sun.
the rotation of the earth means that time changes by one hour for every 15* of longitude

Question 6

world time

Answer 6

governments of countries adjust time zones to fit into the borders of their countries. time zones are also adjusted to fit around the international borders.

Question 7

international date line

Answer 7

is on the opposite side of the world to the greenwich meridian. it follows the 180* line of longitude. the international is adjusted to go around certain islands and countries. the international date line divides the world into the eastern and western hemispheres on the Pacific Ocean part of the world. places in the eastern hemisphere are a day earlier than places in the western hemisphere.

Question 8

south African standard time

Answer 8

south Africa should have two time zones but the government decided to adjust the time zones to fit its borders. the time zone is based on the 30* line of longitude. it is two hours ahead of the time on the Greenwich Meridian.

Question 9

angle of earth’s axis

Answer 9

tilt: 23 1/2 degrees away from perpendicular. this means that certain times of the year different parts of earth tilt towards or away from the sun.the tilt of earth’s axis affects the length of day and night and is responsible for the seasons.

Question 10

earth’s revolution

Answer 10

earth revolves around the sun. it takes 365 1/4 days for earth to complete one revolution around the sun.

Question 11

equinox

Answer 11

when the length of day and night is the same number of hours.
at these times of the year the angle of earth’s axis tilts neither towards the sun nor away from the sun. the sun is directly above the equator during the equinoxes
[ the angle of the sun is perpendicular to earth ]

Question 12

equinoxes occur

Answer 12

21 March and 23 September
[ associated with spring and autumn]

Question 13

solstice

Answer 13

days when one hemisphere has the longest number of hours of daylight and the opposite hemisphere has the shortest number of hours of daylight.

Question 14

solstice occur

Answer 14

21 December and 21 June
[ associated with summer and winter]

Question 15

21 December [summer solstice]

Answer 15

the sun is directly above the tropic of Capricorn

Question 16

21 June [ winter solstice ]

Answer 16

the sun is directly above the tropic of Cancer

Question 17

changes in the angle of the midday sun

Answer 17

highest point is at noon
the height of the sun in the sky depends on where earth is in relation to the sun. the sun reaches the its highest point in the sky for places in the northern hemisphere on 21 June and on 21 December for places in the southern hemisphere.

Question 18

seasonal changes in lengths of day and night

Answer 18

in June, the parts of the northern hemisphere furthest from the equator receive long hours of sunlight. the southern hemisphere receive less sunlight hemisphere receive less sunlight and has shorter daylight hours.

Question 19

solstice in Antarctia

Answer 19

the sun does not set for three weeks either side of the summer solstice.

Question 20

seasonal temperature changes

Answer 20

places in the poles: have much colder winter temperatures.
places close to the equator: receive similar amounts of heating from the sun in every season/ remains constant throughout the year