The Gastrointestinal Tract and Abdominal Wall Vocabulary and Pathology

Question 1

Inflammation of the appendix

Answer 1

Acute appendicitis

Question 2

Cancer originating in the glandular tissue

Answer 2

Adenocarcinoma

Question 3

A dense, calcified stone within the appendix

Answer 3

Appendicolith

Question 4

A disorder in which the immune system attacks normal tissue

Answer 4

Autoimmune Disorder

Question 5

Masses of various ingested materials that may cause an intestinal obstruction

Answer 5

Bezoars

Question 6

A sonographic sign associated with pyloric stenosis in the long axis

Answer 6

Cervix Sign

Question 7

A sonographic sign associated with the appearance of intussusception

Answer 7

Cinnamon Bun Sign

Question 8

Operator-applied transducer pressure on a structure during a sonographic examination

Answer 8

Compression Sonography

Question 9

An autoimmune disease characterized by periods of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 9

Crohn Disease

Question 10

The inflammation of the diverticuli within the digestive tract, most often int the sigmoid colon

Answer 10

Diverticulitis

Question 11

The development of small outpouchings termed diverticuli in the digestive tract, most often in the sigmoid colon

Answer 11

Diverticulosis

Question 12

A sonographic sign associated with pyloric stenosis in the short axis

Answer 12

Doughnut Sign

Question 13

The proximal portion of the duodenum closest to the stomach

Answer 13

Duodenal Bulb

Question 14

A stone that contains that contains feces

Answer 14

Fecalith

Question 15

An abnormality in which fluid is allowed to reflux out of the stomach back into the esophagus

Answer 15

Gastroesophageal Reflux

Question 16

The proximal segment of the bowel with intussusception

Answer 16

Intussusceptum

Question 17

The distal segment of the bowel with intussusception

Answer 17

Intussuscipiens

Question 18

A bezoar that consists of powdered milk

Answer 18

Lactobezoar

Question 19

A common congenital outpouching of the wall of the small intestine

Answer 19

Meckel Diverticulum

Question 20

Abnormal rotation of the bowel that leads to a proximal small bowel obstruction

Answer 20

Midgut Malrotation

Question 21

Not containing bile

Answer 21

Nonbilious

Question 22

When the pyloric sphincter muscle is enlarged and palpable on physical examination of the abdomen; often indicative of pyloric stenosis

Answer 22

Olive Sign

Question 23

Fat around the intestines

Answer 23

Perienteric Fat

Question 24

Contractions that move in a wavelike pattern to propel a substance

Answer 24

Peristalsis

Question 25

A bezoar that consists of vegetable matter

Answer 25

Phytobezoars

Question 26

A temporary spasm and thickening of the pyloric sphincter that can replicate the sonographic appearance of pyloric stenosis

Answer 26

Pylorospasm

Question 27

Feces that contains a mixture of mucus and bloody common finding in patients suffering from intussusception

Answer 27

Red Currant Jelly Stools

Question 28

The sonographic appearance of the hyperechoic edematous connective tissue that surrounds the inflamed appendix

Answer 28

Thyroid in the Belly Sign

Question 29

A bezoar that consists of matted hair

Answer 29

Trichobezoars

Question 30

A blind-ended tube that is connected to the cecum of the colon

Answer 30

Vermiform Appendix

Question 31

A situation in which a loop of bowel twists upon itself

Answer 31

Volvulus