Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

K&B II > The Gait Cycle- Kinetics > Flashcards

The Gait Cycle- Kinetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the butterfly diagram?

A

It shows GRF through the stance phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the GRF during early stance

A
  • Acts upwards and diagonally backwards from the heel

- Exerts a braking or slowing effect on forward moment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the GRF during middle of stance phase

A
  • Point of action moves forward from heel

- line of action becomes more vertical and braking/slowing effect disappears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe GRF at the end of stance phase

A
  • GRF increases in magnitude, acting forwards and upwards

- gives necessary propulsive force to keep the body moving forwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe GRF at the end of stance phase

A
  • GRF increases in magnitude, acting forwards and upwards

- gives necessary propulsive force to keep the body moving forwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When is the GRF lowest?

A

Midstance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If the GRV is behind the ankle, what muscles are active?

A

DF (Tibialis Anterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If the GRV is posterior to the knee, what muscles are active?

A

Quads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If GRV is anterior to the ankle, what muscles are active?

A

Gastroc and Soleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If GRV is anterior to the knee, what creates the internal flexor moment?

A

Posterior capsule ligaments instead of hamstrings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does an increase in lever arm of GRV at the ankle mean?

A

PF are increasingly active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe TD and MA at the ankle during IC.

A

TD: Plantar flexion torque
MA: pretibial muscles maintain neutral ankle for heel rocker action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe TD and MA at the knee during IC.

A

TD: GRV is anterior to the knee, creating an extension torque.
MA: Quads contract, hamstrings prevent hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe TD and MA at the hip during IC.

A

TD: GRV anterior to hip joint so flexion torque.
MA: Hip extensors (GMax and Hamstrings) are active to stabilize the thigh during loading and to begin extension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during LR.

A

TD: GRV posterior to ankle, so PF torque.
MA: Tib A contracts eccentrically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during LR.

A

TD: GRF now behind the knee, so flexion torque
MA: Hamstring concentrically contracting and quads eccentrically contracting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe TD and MA at hip during LR.

A

TD: GRF anterior to hip, flexion torque.
MA: GMax and Hamstrings contract concentrically to extend hip.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during Opposite Toe Off

A

TD: GRF moves forward, DF moment.
MA: Triceps surae eccentrically contracts to control DF as body and tibia move forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Opposite Toe Off

A

TD: GRF is behind the knee, so flexion torque at the knee.
MA: quads are eccentrically controlling knee flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during Opposite Toe Off

A

TD: GRF moves forward, DF moment.
MA: Triceps surae eccentrically contracts to control DF as body and tibia move forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Opposite Toe Off

A

TD: GRF is behind the knee, so flexion torque at the knee.
MA: quads are eccentrically controlling knee flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe TD and MA at hip during Opposite Toe Off

A

TD: GRF close to joint
MA: GMax and Hamstrings contract concentrically to extend hip

23
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during Mid-Stance.

A

TD: GRF forward, so DF moment.
MA: Triceps surae contracts eccentrically to control DF

24
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Mid-Stance.

A

TD: GRF behind joint, creating flexion torque.
MA: Quads contract concentrically to extend knee.

25
Q

Describe TD and MA at hip during Mid-Stance.

A

TD: GRF through joint line
MA: Hip extends due to inertia and gravity. Stance limb ABD eccentrically control a slight dip on the swing limb side

26
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during Heel-Rise.

A

TD: GRF still anterior, so external DF moment.
MA: Triceps surae reach eccentric contraction peak (Ankle DF reaches peak)

27
Q

Describe the position of the tibia and foot during Heel Rise

A
  • Tibia is externally rotated

- Foot is supinated

28
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Heel-Rise.

A

TD: GRF moves anterior to knee jt, so extension torque.
MA: Knee reaches extension peak, Gastrocs contract to prevent hyperextension and initiate knee flexion.

29
Q

Describe TD and MA at hip during Heel-Rise.

A

TD: GRF behind jt, small extension moment
MA: No significant muscle activity at hip.

30
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during Opposite IC.

A

TD: GRF passes through forefoot, significant DF moment.
MA: triceps surae contract concentrically to generate a large internal PF moment. Highest power generating moment in gait cycle

31
Q

Describe the activity of the toes and feet during Opposite IC.

A
  • Toes extend, plantar facia tightens

- Foot supinated (more rigid)

32
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Opposite IC.

A

TD: GRF behind knee, so knee flexion moment.
MA: Quads, may contract eccentrically to prevent knee flexion from occurring too rapidly

33
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Opposite IC.

A

TD: GRF behind knee, so knee flexion moment.
MA: Quads, may contract eccentrically to prevent knee flexion from occurring too rapidly

34
Q

Describe TD and MA at hip during Opposite IC.

A

TD: GRF in front of jt, creating a flexion torque.
MA: Combination of stretched ligaments, gravity, adductor longus reverse the direction from hip extension to flexion.

35
Q

Describe TD and MA at ankle during Toe Off

A

TD: magnitude of GRF declines with external DF moment.
MA: Triceps surae activity ceases, Tib A contracts to DF ankle to neutral.

36
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Toe Off

A

TD: GRF behind the knee, so external flexion moment.
MA: Knee flexion results mostly from hip flexion and inertia. Rectus femoris may contract eccentrically to prevent excessive knee flexion.

37
Q

Describe TD and MA at knee during Toe Off

A

TD: GRF behind the knee, so external flexion moment.
MA: Knee flexion results mostly from hip flexion and inertia. Rectus femoris may contract eccentrically to prevent excessive knee flexion.

38
Q

Describe TD and MA at hip during Toe Off

A

TD: negligible
MA: Illiopsoas, Rectus Femoris, and adductor longus contract to flex hip and pull LE forward.

39
Q

What muscle is the prime mover for hip flexion during InSw?

A

Iliopsoas

40
Q

How is flexion decelerated in TSw?

A

With the use of hamstrings

41
Q

When are the quads activated during swing phase?

A

Quads contract to ensure full extension in terminal swing.

42
Q

What is the job of hamstrings during TSw?

A

Eccentrically control terminal extension

43
Q

What is the job of the Tib A during swing phase?

A

isometrically maintains the ankle in neutral.

44
Q

What is the job of the Tib A during swing phase?

A

isometrically maintains the ankle in neutral.

45
Q

What is the job of the Tib A during swing phase?

A

isometrically maintains the ankle in neutral.

46
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Glut Max active and which phase is it most active?

A

LR* and TSw

47
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Glut Med, Min, and TFL active and which phases are they most active in?

A

LR, MSt, TSt

48
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Iliopsoas active and which phases are they most active in?

A

PSw and ISw

49
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Hamstrings active and which phases are they most active in?

A

TSw*, LR

50
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Quadriceps active and which phases are they most active in?

A

LR*, MSt, TSw, PSw, ISw

51
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Rectus Femoris active and which phases are they most active in?

A

PSw, ISw

52
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Triceps Surae active and which phases are they most active in?

A

MSt, TSt

53
Q

what phase of the gait cycle is Triceps Surae active and which phases are they most active in?

A

MSt, TSt*

54
Q

what phase of the gait cycle are the DFs active and which phases are they most active in?

A

LR, ISw, MSw, TSw

K&B II (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions