Gait Cycle Flashcards
What are the two phases in the gait cycle?
- Swing Phase (40%)
2. Stance Phase (60%)
What are the 7 periods in the gait cycle?
- Loading Response
- Mid-Stance
- Terminal Stance
- Pre-swing
- Initial Swing
- Mid Swing
- Terminal Swing
What are the 7 events in the gait cycle?
- Initial Contact
- Opposite Toe Off
- Heal Rise
- Opposite Initial Contact
- Toe off
- Feet Adjacent
- Tibia Vertical
What does Loading Response (period) begin and end with?
IC–> Opposite Toe Off
What occurs during Loading Response?
- Foot lowers to the ground
- Weight is rapidly transferred onto the outstretched limb
- 1st period of “double-limb support”
What does Mid Stance (period) begin and end with?
Opposite Toe off –> heel rise
What occurs during Mid Stance?
- Foot stays flat
- Opposite leg swings through
- The body progresses over a single, stable limb
- Single limb support
What does Terminal Stance (period) begin and end with?
Heel rise–> Opposite IC
What occurs during Terminal Stance?
- Heel of the stance limb lifts from surface
- Body advances ahead of stance limb and weigh is transferred to the forefoot
- Final portion of single leg stance
What does Pre-Swing (period) begin and end with?
Opposite IC–> Toe Off
What occurs during Pre-Swing?
- “Push-off” phase
- Rapid unloading of the stance leg as weight is transferred to contralateral limb
- 2nd DLS phase
What does Initial Swing (period) begin and end with?
Toe off–> Feet Adjacent
What occurs during Initial Swing?
- Thigh begins to advance as foot comes up off the floor
- Swinging limb passes the stance phase leg and the two feet are side by side
What does Mid -Swing (period) begin and end with?
Feet Adjacent–> Tibia Vertical
What occurs during Mid Swing?
- Thigh continues to advance as knee begins to extend
- Foot clears the ground
What does Terminal Swing (period) begin and end with?
Tibia Vertical–> Initial Contact
What occurs during Terminal Swing?
- Knee extends
- Limb prepares to contact the ground for IC
What are the 3 functional tasks that occur during the gait cycle?
- Weight Acceptance
- Single Limb Support
- Swing Limb Advancement
Which functional tasks occur during the stance phase?
- Weight Acceptance
2. Single Limb Support
Which functional tasks occur during the swing phase?
Limb Advancement
What are the critical events that occur during weight acceptance?
- Weight rapidly loaded onto outstretched limb
- Hip stability
- Controlled knee flexion for shock absorption
- Controlled ankle PF
- Both feet are in contact with the floor
What critical events occur during single limb support?
- Body progresses over a single-stable limb
- Weight transfers over metatarsal heads and heel comes off the ground
- Controlled ankle DF with heel rise
- Trailing Limb posture
What occurs during single limb support?
- Limb is unloaded and comes off the ground
- Limb moves from behind to in front of body
What happens at the knee and ankle during Pre-Swing?
- Passive knee extension to 40 degrees
- Rapid ankle PF
When does maximum knee flexion occur?
Initial Swing
When does maximum hip flexion occur?
Mid swing
The Trunk and Pelvis twist around what type of axis?
Vertical Axis
What is the average pelvic excursion?
10 degrees
What is the average shoulder excursion?
7 degrees
What is the average side to side movement of the pelvis?
46mm
When does the pelvis rotate forward?
For the first 15-20%
When does the opposite swing leg pelvis drop down? By how much?
- During weight acceptance
- 3-4%
When does the pelvis rotate in a clockwise direction?
During Terminal stance
When is the right ASIS rotated back?
Right Toe off
When does peak hip extension occur?
Opposite IC
When does peak knee extension occur?
Terminal stance and prior to IC
