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Anatomy Exam 4 > The Forearm > Flashcards

The Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What forearm muscles are innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve?

A

flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus

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2
Q

What forearm muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

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3
Q

What forearm muscles are innervated by the main branch of the median nerve?

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis

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4
Q

What forearm muscles are innervated by the deep radial nerve?

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis
supinator

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5
Q

What forearm muscles are innervated by the main branch of the radial nerve?

A

brachioradialis
extensor carpis radialis longus

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6
Q

What forearm muscles are innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve (part of the radial nerve)?

A

extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum
extensor indicis
extensor digit minimi
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus

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7
Q

What position of the forearm is anatomical position?

A

supinated

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8
Q

What position of the forearm is natural?

A

semi-pronated

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9
Q

Which nerves are in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

ulnar nerve
median nerve

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10
Q

What nerve is in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

radial nerve

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11
Q

What nerve innervates the bulk of the forearm muscles?

A

median nerve

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the bulk of the hand muscles?

A

ulnar nerve

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13
Q

What surrounds and invests the forearm and is continous with the brachial fascia?

A

antebrachial fascia

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14
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm?

A

interosseous membrane

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14
Q

What is the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve a branch of?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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15
Q

What is the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve a branch of?

A

radial nerve

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16
Q

What are the three cutaneous nerves of the forearm?

A
  • musculocutaneous n. (lateral antebrachail cutaneous)
  • medial antebrachial cutaneous n.
  • radial n. (posterior antebrachial cutaneous)
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17
Q

Grace can you put the pictures of the cutaneous innervation of the forearm/hand?

A

I tried to write it out but I think the pictures would be easier

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18
Q

What are the anastomoses between the brachial artery and the ulnar artery?

A
  • superior ulnar collateral; posterior ulnar recurrent
  • inferior ulnar collateral; anterior ulnar recurrent
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19
Q

What are the anastomoses between the deep brachial artery and the radial and interosseous arteries?

A
  • radial collateral artery; radial recurrent artery
  • middle collateral artery; interosseous recurrent artery
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20
Q

What are the arteries to the anterior forearm?

A

ulnar artery
radial artery
anterior interosseous artery

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21
Q

What are the arteries to the posterior forearm?

A

radial artery
recurrent interosseous artery
posterior interosseous artery
dorsal carpal branch (ulnar a.)

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22
Q

What are the four superficial muscles of the anterior forearm?

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

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23
Q

What is the intermediate muscle of the anterior forearm?

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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24
Q

What are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm?

A

pronator quadratus
flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus

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25
Q

What is the muscle of the anterior forearm that can be missing?

A

palmaris longus

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26
Q

What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?

A

median nerve

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27
Q

What is the action of the palmaris longus?

A
  • flexes hand at wrist
  • tenses palmar aponeurosis
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28
Q

What is the distal attachment of the palmaris longus?

A

flexor retinaculum (continous with palmar aponeurosis)

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29
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the palmaris longus?

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

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30
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator teres?

A

median nerve

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31
Q

What is the action of the pronator teres?

A

pronates and flexes forearm at elbow

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32
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pronator teres?

A

middle of lateral surface of radius

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33
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pronator teres?

A
  • coronoid process of ulna
  • median epicondyle of humerus
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34
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

median nerve

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35
Q

What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

flexes and abducts hand at wrist

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36
Q

What is the distal attachment of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

base of 2nd metacarpal

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37
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

medial epidondyle of humerus

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38
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

ulnar nerve

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39
Q

What is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

flexes and adducts hand at wrist

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40
Q

What is the distal attachment of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A
  • pisiform
  • hook of hamate
  • 5th metacarpal
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41
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A
  • medial epicondyle of humerus
  • olecranon and posterior border of ulna
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42
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

median nerve

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43
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A
  • flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint
  • flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
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44
Q

What is the distal attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

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45
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

medial epicondyle of humerus
superior 1/2 of anterior border of radius

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46
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

median and ulnar nerves

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47
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

flexes distal phalanges at interphalangeal joints

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48
Q

What is the distal attachment of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

bases of distal phalanges 2-5

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49
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulnar and interosseous membrane

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50
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

median nerve via anterior interosseous nerve

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51
Q

What is the action of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

flexes thumb

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52
Q

What is the distal attachment of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

base of distal phalanx of thumb

53
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

54
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator quadratus?

A

median nerve via anterior interosseous nerve

55
Q

What is the action of the pronator quadratus?

A

pronates forearm
bind radius and ulna together

56
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pronator quadratus?

A

distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius

57
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pronator quadratus?

A

distal 1/4 of the anterior surface of ulna

58
Q

What are the six superficial muscles of the posterior forearm?

A

brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digiti minimi
extensor digitorum

59
Q

What are the five deep muscles of the posterior forearm?

A

supinator
extensor indicis
extensor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis

60
Q

The superficial branch of radial nerve has ________________________ only

A

cutaneous

61
Q

What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?

A

radial nerve

62
Q

What is the action of the brachioradialis?

A

flexes forearm when it is pronated

63
Q

What is the distal attachment of the brachioradialis?

A

distal radius (proximal to styloid process)

64
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the brachioradialis?

A

proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

65
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

radial nerve

66
Q

What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

extend and abduct hand at wrist

67
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metcarpal

68
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

69
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

deep branch of radial nerve

70
Q

What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

extend and abduct hand at wrist

71
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal

72
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

73
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

74
Q

What is the action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

extend and adducts hand at wrist

75
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

76
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna

77
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor digitorum?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

78
Q

What is the action of the extensor digitorum?

A

extends medial 4 fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints and somewhat at interphalangeal joints

79
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor digitorum?

A

extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers

80
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor digitorum?

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

81
Q

What tendons form a dorsal expansion over the metacrapophalangeal (MP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints?

A

tendons of exensor digitorum

82
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

83
Q

What is the actions of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

extends 5th finger at metacarpophalangeal joint

84
Q

What is the digital attachment of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

extensor expansion of 5th finger

85
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

86
Q

What is the innervation of the supinator?

A

deep branch of radial nerve

87
Q

What is the actions of the supinator?

A

supinates forearm
brings radius back to anatomical position

88
Q

What is the distal attachment of the supinator?

A

proximal 1/3 of radius

89
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the supinator?

A
  • lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • radial collateral and angular ligaments
  • ulnar crest
90
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor indicis?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

91
Q

What is the action of the extensor indicis?

A
  • independent extension of 2nd finger
  • extend wrist
92
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor indicis?

A

extensor expansion of 2nd finger

93
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor indicis?

A

posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

94
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

95
Q

What is the action of the abductor pollicis longus?

A

abducts thumb
extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint

96
Q

What is the distal attachment of the abductor pollicis longus?

A

base of 1st metacarpal

97
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the abductor pollicis longus?

A

posterior surface of proximal 1/2 of ulna and radius

98
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

99
Q

What is the action of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

extends proximal phalanx of thumb
extends carpometacarpal joint

100
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

dorsal aspect fo proximal phalanx of thumb

101
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

posterior surface of the distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane

102
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus?

A

posterior interosseous nerve

103
Q

What are the actions of the extensor pollicis longus?

A

-extends distal phalanx of thumb
- extends metacarpophalgneal and carpometacarpal joints

104
Q

What is the distal attachment of the extensor pollicis longus?

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

105
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor pollicis longus?

A

posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane

106
Q

What are the major nerves/arteries in the forearm from lateral to medial in pronation?

A
  • superficial branch of radial nerve
  • radial artery
  • median nerve
  • ulnar artery
    ulnar nerve
107
Q

What nerve supplies most of the intrisic muscles of hand?

A

ulnar nerve

108
Q

What does the ulnar nerve pass through lateral to the pisiform bone?

A

Guyon’s canal

109
Q
A
110
Q
A

Palmaris longus

111
Q
A

pronator teres

112
Q
A
113
Q
A

flexor digitorum superficialis

114
Q
A

Flexor digitorum profundus

115
Q
A

flexor pollicis longus

116
Q
A

pronator quadratus

117
Q
A
118
Q
A

Brachioradialis

119
Q
A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

120
Q
A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

121
Q
A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

122
Q
A

extensor digitorum

123
Q
A

extensor digiti minimi

124
Q
A

supinator

125
Q
A

extensor indicis

126
Q
A

abductor pollicis longus

127
Q
A
128
Q

The anterior interosseous nerve and anterior interosseous artery run deep to what muscle?

A

pronator quadratus

129
Q

What relationship does the median nerve have to the prontator teres, flexor digitorum, and flexor retinaculum?

A

prontator teres - through it
flexor digitorum - deep
flexor retinaculum - deep

Anatomy Exam 4 (8 decks)

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