The FINAL!!! Flashcards
Who focused on caring as cultural competence or using knowledge of culture to implement in patient care?
Dr. Madeline Leininger
Who explored caring by the nurse as an intentional presence, personal ownership, and a respect for human dignity?
Dr. Dingman
Who was considered the first nursing theorist?
Florence Nightingale
Who looked at nursing as being an individual practice separate from assisting physicians in providing medical care?
Florence Nightingale
Who developed the nursing theory called “The Science of Human Caring?”
Dr. Jean Watson
What are the 10 caritas processes?
- Sustaining human dignity
- Providing an authentic presence
- Using authentic listening
- Enabling the patient’s faith, hope, and belief system
- Using all ways of doing, being, and knowing
- Using artistic versions of self
- Being sensitive to your own spiritual beliefs
- Display loving and kindness to patients
- Create a healing environment
- Be mindful of presence of energies
What are the five realm’s of Swanson’s Caring Theory?
- Knowing
- Doing for
- Being with
- Enabling
- Maintaining belief
A form of bias that is the tendency to think your own group is superior to others
Ethnocentrism
Assumption that members of one sex are superior to those of another
Sexism
A behavioral manifestation of a prejudice
Discrimination
A feeling of unfair dislike directed against an individual or a group because of some characteristic
Prejudice
What are the six aspects of Joyce Giger’s Transcultural model?
- Communication
- Time
- Environmental Controls
- Space
- Social organization
- Biological variations
What part of the Giger model includes verbal and nonverbal language that includes: spoken language, gestures, eye contact and silence?
Communication
What part of the Giger model refers to a person’s personal space or how that person relates to the stored space around him or her?
Space
What part of the Giger model measures a person’s perception of time?
Time orientation
What part of the Giger model includes a patient’s family unit or other organizations in with the patient identifies with?
Social organization
What part of the Giger model refers to a person’s perception of his or her ability to plan activities that control nature or direct environmental factors?
Environmental control
What part of the Giger model includes ways in which people are different genetically and physiologically?
Biological variation
What is the best practice to working around a language barrier when providing care to a patient who speaks another language?
Using a translator
When should a patient’s family member be used as a translator?
As the VERY last resort
What is CAM?
Complimentary and Alternative Medicine
What does complementary medicine do?
Seeks to enhance western medicine
What does alternative medicine do?
Intends to replace or bypass traditional medicine (allopathy) by other means
Who most likely uses CAM?
Women with higher education, income, and those with two or more chronic conditions (Usually white women)
What are some examples of energy therapy modalities?
- Tai Chi (nonaggressive martial arts)
- QI Gong (breathing and meditation)
- Reiki (energy balance to promote healing)
- Magnet therapy (magnetism)
What are the factors that influence health?
- Biological factors
- Diet
- Lifestyle
- Culture
- Finances
- Substance abuse
What are the five stages of illness?
- Symptoms
- Sick Role Behavior
- Seeking professional care
- Dependence on others
- Recovery
Knowledge that is akin to the knowledge found in our textbook. What to do and why we do it.
Theoretical knowledge
Knowledge that involves knowing what to do and how to do it safely
Practical knowledge
Knowledge that includes our own preferences or biases that may influence our thinking (experiences)
Self-knowledge
Knowledge that helps decipher between what is right or wrong
Ethical knowledge
A type of assessment that is continuing the plan of care (Ex: a head to toe performed at the start of every shift)
Ongoing
A type of assessment that explores a patient’s complaint or symptom
Focused
Whatever the patient says or reports and cannot be easily verified by the nurse
Subjective Data
Quantitative data or observable data that is measured and accepted as factual
Objective Data
Checking the accuracy and quality of source data before using, importing or otherwise processing data.
Data validation
What is the top priority of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Physiological
What is the second priority of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Safety
What is the third priority of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Love and Belonging
What is the fourth priority of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Self-Esteem
What is the fifth priority of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Self-actualization
What is the PES statement?
Problem, Etiology, Symptoms
Problem r/t etiology aeb symptoms
A statement of client health status that nurses can identify, prevent, or treatment independently
Nursing diagnosis
What are the two ways to prioritize a patient’s nursing diagnosis?
ABC’s
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
What is the SMART in an ECO?
Specific Measurable Achievable/Attainable Realistic Time bound
What type of interventions are those put in place by nurses without the guidance of a provider?
Independent intervention
What type of interventions involve collaboration with ancillary staff?
Interdependent intervention
What type of intervention requires a provider’s order?
Dependent intervention
What are the benefits of standardized care plans?
- Prepopulated in the EHR
- Includes every possible intervention for each dx
- Includes suggested ECOS
- Saves time
What is the risk of standardized care plans?
Not ideal because they are not personalized to the patient’s specific needs
What are the five steps of evaluation?
- Review outcomes
- Collect reassessment data
- Make a judgment
- Document the evaluation
- Revise if necessary
What are the 5 rights to delegation?
- Right Task
- Right Circumstance
- Right Person
- Right Communication
- Right Supervision
A goal that is something the nurse can generally measure themselves that is within the next few hours, days, by end of shift or discharge
Short term goal
A goal that may require a follow up by another person, longer than a few days
Long term goal
What are 5 interventions for aspiration risk
- No straw
- Cut up patient’s food
- Thicken liquids
- Chin forward flexed
- Check mouth for pocketing
- Keep suction nearby
- Keep in upgrade position
- Assist with feeding
- Monitor for coughing
- Assess breathing
What does a clear liquid diet include?
- Water
- Black coffee
- Tea w/no cream
- Chicken broth
- Clear juices or carbonated beverages
- Popsicles
- Jell-O
What does a full liquid diet include?
- all liquids in a clear liquid*
- PLUS: dairy and foods that are liquid at room temp
What does a pureed diet include?
- all foods in a liquid diet*
- PLUS: soft veggies/fruits, chopped or ground meat. soft bread, cheese and eggs
–> DIET LOW IN FIBER
Which tube feeding goes through the stomach?
Enteral
How long can a closed system feeding system be run?
24 hours
How long can an open feeding system be run?
4 hours max
When should a feeding tube be flushed?
Before and after a feeding and before and after a medication
How long should an NG be placed?
6 weeks or less
What are the six categories of the Braden Scale?
- Sensory perception
- Moisture
- Activity
- Mobility
- Nutrition
- Friction/Shear
How soon can a pressure injury begin?
2 hours
Pressure wound that only involves the epidermis and is nonblanchable.
Stage 1
Pressure wound that has broken the skin but only effects the dermis
Stage 2
Pressure wound that has gone beyond the dermis and into the Sub-Q layer into the muscular layer, sometimes exposing bone
Stage 4
Pressure would that is beyond the dermis and extends into the Sub-Q tissue
Stage 3
Which stages of pressure wound are full thickness
Stages 3 and 4
Yellow wound drainage
Serous
Bright read wound drainage
Sanguineous
Pink and Watery wound drainage
Sero-sanguineous
Creamy and yellow wound drainage (pus)
Purulent
Thick and stringy, waxy yellow substance
Slough
Necrotic, black wound tissue
Eschar
Pain that is caused from tissue damage as a result of trauma, surgery, or inflammation
Nociceptive pain
Pain that arises from a nerve injury or damage to the neurological pathway transmitting the nerve signals
Neuropathic pain
Pain that comes from injuries that in the skin or subcutaneous tissue
Superficial pain
Pain that often comes from visceral pain
Referred pain