The failure to reach a settlement 1646-49 Flashcards
What were the four post war groups?
- Presbyterian majority in parliament. 2. Independents who represented the religious sects. 3. The army. 4. The Scots.
How did Charles see his postwar position?
He saw the divisions between the four groups and thought that he was in a good position to play them off against each other.
What were the three terms of the Newcastle propositions?
Presented by parliament in July 1646: 1. A Presbyterian state church. 2. Parliamentary control of the army. 3. Dismiss evil advisors.
How did Charles react to the Newcastle propositions?
Deliberately procrastinated, one year later they were no nearer a settlement, so the army offered him its terms.
What happened in July 1647?
The army kidnapped Charles and took him to their headquarters at Newmarket.
What were the five terms of the heads of proposals?
Presented by the army in august 1647: 1. Parliament to meet at least once every two years. 2. Parliamentary control of the army. 3. No strict adherence to the prayer book. 4. Act of indemnity. 5. Bishops to have no authority in civil matters.
What happened after the heads of proposals?
Charles escaped from army custody and fled to the Isle of Wight where he opened negotiations with the Scots.
What were the terms of the engagement?
Offered by the Scots December 1647: Scots to help restore Charles in return for a Presbyterian state church.
What happened at the Windsor prayer meeting?
May 1648- parliament met to discuss what to do with the king, they concluded that he was a man of blood who had to be held to account for waging war on his own people.
What were Charles’ forces like during the second civil war?
Scots and royalists failed to coordinate their plans effectively and were easily defeated.
What happened during the second civil war?
Cromwell and Fairfax quickly responded, royalists were defeated in Wales and east anglia and were crushed by Cromwell’s forces at Preston in august 1648.
Why had parliament wanted to disband the army?
They were fearful of the political and physical threat it posed, so proposed it be disbanded.
What did parliament do when the amry refused to disband in 1647?
Tried to raise their own force from supporters in London and excluded independent MPs from parliament.
How did the army react?
They marched to London in august 1647 and reinstated the dismissed MPs.
What was the background to the agreement of the people?
Agitators were influenced by leveler ideas, so put forward their radical demands in this document in October 1647.
