The Extracellular Matrix - Mozarn

Question 1

A complex network of macromolecules in the extracellular space

Answer 1

extracellular matrix

Question 2

The extracellular matrix is secreted by ….

Answer 2

the cells that inhabit it

Question 3

The purpose of an extracellular matrix is to

Answer 3

give structural and organizational support to tissues

Note: the matrix makes up a substantial part of tissue volume

Question 4

30% of the total body protein

Answer 4

Collagen

note: 90% of collagen is Type 1

Question 5

the result of a genetic mutation that causes the glycine in Type I Collagen to be replaced by another amino acid

Answer 5

Osteogenesis/dentogenesis imperfecta

Question 6

Collagen is frequently________, and ________ is affected by physiologic conditions such as _____ or mechanical stress.

Answer 6

remodeled; synthesized; diet or mechanical stress

Question 7

Provides the flexibility and resilience to the ECM

Answer 7

Elastin

Question 8

Elastin is found in tissues that require_______.

Answer 8

elasticity

Question 9

Elastin is not synthesized after______.

Answer 9

Adolescence

Question 10

Elastin is stabilized by _______ crosslinks.

Answer 10

two-way

Question 11

The predominant ECM molecule found in blood vessels.

Answer 11

elastin

Question 12

facilitates the communication b/w intracellular and extracellular compartments

Answer 12

fibronectin

Question 13

Fibronectin binds to ______ molecules and ______molecules on cells.

Answer 13

ECM and integrin molecules

Question 14

______is important for cell adhesion, growth, migration, and wound healing.

Answer 14

fibronectin

Question 15

fibronectin is made up both ______ and ______ forms for the interaction with oral pathogens.

Answer 15

soluble and insoluble

Question 16

This molecule is found primarily in basal lamina and gives _______support to the ECM.

Answer 16

laminin; structural suppport

Question 17

Major component of basement membranes in epithelial tissues and muscle

Answer 17

laminin

Question 18

Laminin binds to cells, often through the _____ family of proteins.

Answer 18

integrin

Question 19

Disease of abnormal laminin

Answer 19

muscular dystrophy, lethal skin blistering disease epidermolysis bullosa. defects of kidney filter

Question 20

the gel-formers of the ECM

Answer 20

proteoglycans

Question 21

The gel formation of proteoglycans is due to _____

Answer 21

hydration

Question 22

Proteoglycans have many _____ charges which attract ______ and ____. The result is hydration of the ECM, which provides rigidity and durability.

Answer 22

negative charges; attracts cations and water

Question 23

Proteoglycans are _____ of ECM protein, but because of their ________, _____ chains fill most of the extracellular space

Answer 23

less than 10% of ECM because of their hydrophilicity; GAG chains

Question 24

Aggrecan

Answer 24

proteoglycan

Question 25

proteoglycans can also bind _____, regulate enzymatic acidity, and act as _______.

Answer 25

bind growth factors and act as a receptor

Question 26

Proteoglycan degradation is caused by ________ and additional enzymes.

Answer 26

lysozymes

Question 27

lysosomal storage diseases are shown to thus affect….

Answer 27

proteoglycans