the evolving physical landscape Flashcards
what are the three rock types?
metamorphic
igneous
sedimentary
examples of sedimantary rock?
chalk
limestone
clay
example of igneous rock?
granite
examples of metamorphic rock?
shists
slate
properties of chalk landscape
stong and permeable
forms cliffs when occurs at coastline
only found in lowland Britain
properties of clay landscape
weak and impermeable
found all over Britain
typically wide, flat plains with lots lakes, streams and rivers
what are the two physical processes?
upland landscapes
lowland landscapes
how are upland landscapes created/what properties do upland landscapes have?
- weathering of rock leads to fragments breaking off and falling to base to form a scree slope
- high precipitation means there’s lots of streams
- U-shaped valley formed by glacier
how are lowland landscapes created/what properties do lowland landscapes have?
- formed by rivers
- as the rivers meandered they eroded a wide valley between low hills
- rivers transport slit eroded from river channel
- prolonged heavy rain- rivers flood- fast floodplain
what are the three ways humans have affected the landscape?
agriculture
forestry
settlements
how has agriculture affected the landscape
- created drainage ditches to drain water away from crops
- trees being cleared to make way for crops
how has forestry affected the landscape
- many trees been planted in straight rows
- would naturally been covered with deciduous woodland
- conifer plantation for timber production
what is forestry?
planting, managing and caring for forests for different purposes
what are the 4 different purposes for forestry
- nature conservation
- landscaping
- recreation
- timber production
how has settlements affected the landscape
- river meander loops made good defence locations
- natural harbours were good for fishing villages
- shallow points of rivers were used as fords
- springs gave people reliable freshwater
