the evolution of management theories Flashcards
the emergence of capitalism during the 17th century inspired entrepreneurs to establish guiding principles and develop means to ensure the success of any business venture
management theory
studies the application of scientific methods and principles for the purpose of redesigning the work process to increase efficiency
scientific management theory
an american engineer was the first to advocate scientific management, pioneered several innovations during his tenure as a foreman at midvale steel company Philadelphia
frederick w. taylor
four principles of scientific management
science, not rule of thumb
harmony, not discord
cooperation, not individualism
development of each and every person to his/her greatest efficiency
taylor’s work combined with the research of frank and Lillian gilbreth led to
the development of time and motion study
father of scientific management
frederick w. taylor
focuses on the overall management of an organization, emphasizing the role of managers as administrators of the organization
administrative management theory
introduced in the early 20th century, french industrialist
henry fayol
five functions and fourteen principles of management
planning
organizing
communicating
coordinating
controlling
german sociologist, contributed to the development of administrative management
max weber
wrote the dynamic organization, which emphasizes the ever-changing situations that manager have to deal with
follet
focuses on the social element in the workplace and considers the influence of interpersonal relationships, social conditioning and group norms in determining the performance of workers.
human relations theory
foundations of the human relations movement were established in the 1920s with he pioneering studies of Elton Mayo
australian psychologist
another contributer of human relations theory
abraham maslow
maslow hierarchy
where people try to satisfy their lower-level or basic needs first, such as food, clothing, and shelter, and then progress upward to the higher-level needs such as self-esteem and self-actualization.
maslow hierarchy
phsycological - safety - love/belonging - esteem - self actualization
uses quantitative approaches such as statistical analyses and computer simulations to arrive at a management decision.
quantitative management
2 main branches of quantitative management
management science
operations management
uses mathematical in problem solving and decision making
management science
seeks to apply ideas and models from management science to the actual workplace in dealing with managerial situations
operation management
gathers past, present, and projected data from external and internal sources and transforms them into usable information which managers use to select the best alternatives and make decisions easily
management information system
explains how interrelated parts operate together to achieve a common purpose
systems theory
four elements in system theory
inputs
information process
outputs
feedback
analyzes an organization according to the degree to which it is opened or closed
contemporary system theory
organization that interacts closely with its environment and is fully aware of what is going on in the environment as well as the changes it experiences
open system
does not interact with its environment and pays little attention to changes in surroundings
closed system
founder of the contingency theory
fred fiedler
argues that universal theories cannot be applied to organizations because each organization has unique characteristics and is confronted by varied problems or challenges
contingency theory
no errors or defect in production, ensures quality product and service that results high customer satisfaction
quality management theory
kaizen
change for the better
kai
change
zen
good
