The Era Of The Great War #11: War Industries Flashcards

1
Q

By 1913, how many tonnes or shipping was Scotland making a year?

A

757000

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2
Q

How many warships were built on the Clyde during ww1?

A

481

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3
Q

What % of Scotland’s coal, iron, and steel was North Lanarkshire producing?

A

40

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4
Q

Coal workers were…

A

Exempt from conscription

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5
Q

What was coal used for?

A

Fuelling ships, homes, and producing munitions

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6
Q

What was iron used for?

A

Weapons

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7
Q

What was steel used for?

A

Aircraft engines, tanks

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8
Q

What was jute used for?

A

Sandbags, bags, sacks, packs, wrappings

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9
Q

In Dundee, how many industry workers worked in jute?

A

25%

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10
Q

How many sandbags were being produced per month in Dundee?

A

6million

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11
Q

What was sheep’s wool used for?

A

Uniforms and army blankets

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12
Q

Why did older men and boys take over farming?

A
  • most farmers left for war
  • government payed guaranteed prices for things like potatoes and milk
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13
Q

Aside from jute, how else did textiles experience a boom?

A

Canvas materials were used for tents

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14
Q

How much of Britain’s armour plate was being produced by Glasgow by 1918?

A

90%

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15
Q

What was steel plates used for?

A

Tanks, ships, weapons

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16
Q

What was the job or the Ministry of Munitions?

A
  • run industries like coal, steel making, and railways, to make the more efficient
  • encourage industries to diversify and produce different products
17
Q

Why was the MoM created?

A

To organise the economy and support the army

18
Q

Why would workers be provided with ‘reserved occupation’ status?

A

If their jobs were crucial to the war effort

19
Q

What were some reserved occupations?

A

Dock Workers
Miners
Farmers
Scientists
Merchant Seamen
Railway Workers
Utility Workers – Water, Gas, Electricity

20
Q

Aside from their wool, why else were sheep useful?

A

Their meat

21
Q

What did the farming industry receive?

A

Government subsidies

22
Q

How many did Beardmore’s engineering firm employ? What did they build?

A

20k
Artillery, shells, tanks

23
Q

How many were employed in ammunition in the Clyde Valley?

A

24000

24
Q

What happened to shepards’ wages?

A

The doubled to £2 a week

25
Q

What did the Edinburgh-based North British Rubber Company produce?

A

Gas masks, boots, sheets, jackets

26
Q

What happened to many farming horses?

A
  • military work: cavalry & hauling
    = less work done on farms eg. ploughing
27
Q

How did women help the farming industry?

A

Through the women’s land army

28
Q

How many women were in the women’s and army by 1918?

A

300k

29
Q

What did the women’s land army do?

A

Milked cows, harvested crops, lambing, catching rats, ploughing

30
Q

How did the change in food production benefit farmers?

A
  • less meat imported
  • more had to be grown
  • more money
31
Q

How did the change in food production benefit farmers?

A
  • less meat imported
  • more had to be grown
  • more money