The Epedemiological Transition Flashcards
Who developed the Epidemiological transition?
Omran (1971)
What is the epidemiological transition model’s purpose?
To apply studies of the distribution and determinants of health states and events to control disease and other health problems across the world.
What are the four propositions within the epidemiological transition?
Mortality is a fundamental factor in population dynamics
There is a long-term shift in mortality patterns away form communicable diseases gradually towards non-communicable diseases as the primary cause of death
The biggest changes occur in children and young women
The shifts closely correlate with the demographic and socioeconomic transitions constituting modernisation
What are the general criticisms of the epidemiological transition model?
Overly-simplistic
Doesn’t account externalities
Doesn’t consider mental health, injuries and violence
Describes historical trends not fitting with the future
Overly-linear relationship between health and development
What are two counties that do not fit with the epidemiological transition that was experienced by western countries?
Japan and Sri Lanka
How does the HIV/AIDS epidemic not fit with the epidemiological transition model?
It is a communicable disease that is one of the biggest health problems in the modern era when non-communicable diseases are supposed to be most important
How can re-emerging diseases go against the epidemiological transition model?
Measles reoccurring in the UK demonstrated a major health problem that was not accounted for in the model
Who’s paper claimed that the measles jab developed a positive correlation with developing autism? when was it published?
Andrew Wakefield 1998
How much did the prevalence of measles in UK children increase from 1998 to 2008?
1998: 100
2008: 14,000
What has happened to global injuries and violence recently and how has this affected the epidemiological transition model?
Global rise recently as people in developing countries experience poor working conditions. This was not considered by Omran
How has mental illness affected Omran’s model?
It was not considered by Omran and has displayed an increase following globalization and changes in lifestyle
How has lifestyle affected international health that Omran did not consider?
This has changed dramatically differently (diet and exercise). We are now supposedly less healthy than before
