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History of Medicine > The Enlightenment > Flashcards

The Enlightenment Flashcards

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1
Q

Albrecht Von Haller

A 
Founder of modern physiology
Swiss
Studied with Boerhaave
Chair of medicine, anatomy, botany and surgery at Univ of Gottingen
"Elements of Physiology of Human Body"
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2
Q

Giovanni Morgagni

A

Father of ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY
Italian, Univ of Bologna
Chair of Anatomy at Padua
Seats and Causes of Diseases - made pathologic anatomy into science
First to demonstrate need to base diagnosis, prognosis, and tx on exact anatomical conditions in patient

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3
Q

Leopold Auenburgger

A

PERCUSSION for diagnosis (first to describe)
Originated in testing wine level in barrels
Studied TB - how to detect cavities of lungs, location and size
Inventum Novum ex Percussione Thoracis Humani Interni Pectoris Morbos Detegendi
Influenced Laennec

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4
Q

John Hunter

A

Advocate of scientific approach
Student examination to understand physiologic rxns and apply them
Anatomy asst to brother William
Responsible for rise of GRAVEROBBING
Skeleton of Charles Byrne, against deathbed wishes
Studied INFLAMMATION
VENEREAL diseases
FATS absorbed into LACTEALS in gut
Proved maternal and FETAL BLOOD SUPPLIES SEPARATE
Lymphatic system role

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5
Q

Jean Nicolas Corvisart

A 
Advocate of PERCUSSION
The first HEART SPECIALIST
Essay on organic diseases and lesions of heart and great vessels
PRECORDIAL PALPATION (thrills)
Physician to Napoleon
Rene Laennec was his student
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6
Q

Rene Laennec

A 
Student to Corvisart
Inventor of STETHOSCOPE
MELANOMA
Classified RALES, RHONCHI, CREPITANCE, EGOPHONY
Named CIRRHOSIS
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7
Q

Edward Jenner

A

Pioneer of SMALLPOX VACCINE
Surgery apprentice under John Hunter
Did NOT discover vaccination, but DEMONSTRATED EFFICACY of vaccination
Used cowpox blister material from milkmaid on gardener’s son

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8
Q

Benjamin Rush

A 
US founding father, physician, anatomist
Proponent of HEROIC MEDICINE (purging bowels, venisection)
HYPERACTIVE ARTERIES was key to disease
Thought MERCURY HARMLESS
American Hippocrates
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9
Q

William Hunter

A

Scottish anatomist
OB in London
Built famous anatomy theater in Leicester Square (>500 species, 14,000 specimens)
Anatomia uteri humani gravidi

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History of Medicine (12 decks)

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