The English Civil War – causes, events and outcomes Flashcards
Explain what is mean by a Royalist.
A person who supports the monarchy
Explain what is mean by a Parliamentarian.
A supporter of Parliament in the English Civil War; a roundhead
What was the ‘divine right of kings’?
The belief that a king was appointed directly by God.
What was the name given to the new army formed by Parliamentarians in the Civil War?
New Model Army
How many different clashes were there between the Cavaliers and Roundheads?
635 clashes
What weapons were used in the English Civil War?
Muskets and Pikes
Give one advantage for a musket
either:
-high firepower
-leaves a big wound
-only one hit to 💀 the enemy
-can be used as a bat
Give one disadvantage for a musket
either:
-takes a minute to reload
-complex steps to reload (leaves solider vulnerable)
-loud (gives position away)
-heavy and not mobile
-needs a stand to shoot
-range is only 50m
-hard to make and expensive
-hard to use in the rain
-not accurate and can be accidentally fired
Give one advantage for a pike
either:
-cheap and easy to make
-useful for pushing horses (cavalry) away
Give one disadvantage for a pike
either:
-easy to dodge
-too long to use as a spear
-easy to break
Why did King Charles’ personality lead England to a civil war?
-he was short tempered as he lost hist temper and sent Parliament away for 11 years
-he takes thing by force as he crowned himself in 1632
-he is selfish as he promoted his friends to parliament
-he is also selfish as he pressured judges to allow him to collect unfair taxes
When was the New Model Army created?
Febuary 1645
Who was put in charge of the New Model Army?
Oliver Cromwell and Fairfax
How was the New Model army different from Parliament’s previous army?
-it was more stricter
-it was based on somebody’s ability rather then the social class of somebody
Religion is relevant in the New Model Army as many of them were Puritans and it was normal for men to ____________.
sing hymns before going into battle
Normally, where would New Model Army attack at on the body?
at the flanks (around the sides of your body)
Who won the English Civil War?
Parliament
What is a meritocracy (the Parliament’s New Model Army)?
A system in which people are chosen for their skill
What is a aristocracy (the Royalists)?
A system in which people are chosen if they were of a higher status
What were the main rules in the New Model Army?
-no swearing
-no drawing your sword against an officer
-no theft
-no abuses
-no abandonment
-no throwing away your weapon
Why was victory so important to Cromwell?
It proved that God chosen them over the king (because of the Divine Right of Kings).
Why did many judges not show up to Charles’ trial?
They didn’t want to go up against God (because of the Divine Right of Kings).
Who lead Charles’ trial?
John Bradshaw
Why did John Bradshaw wear a metal lined hat?
out of fear of being assassinated
When was Charles brought to his trial?
January 1649
What was the death sentence passed onto King Charles
“This court does judge that Charles Stuart as a tyrant, traitor, murderer and a public enemy, shall be put to death by the severing of his head from his body.”
How did people react to Charles’ execution?
By being 😲,😭 and 🤢.
What is the main difference between an ordinary war and a civil war?
A ordinary war is when a country fights another country and a civil war is when a country fights itself
How long did Charles I reign?
24 years (1625-1649)
