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Exercise Physiology > The Energy Systems Review > Flashcards

The Energy Systems Review Flashcards

1
Q

Burning more fat calories during exercise would require what kind of intensity, and what kind of duration?

A

low intensity, high duration

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2
Q

True or False: Someone engaging in high intensity exercise will burn more carbohydrate than fat.

A

True

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3
Q

True or False: Aerobic metabolism partially breaks down fat.

A

False

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4
Q

List the advantages of the ATP-CP system.

A
  • Very fast rate of ATP production
  • Very high power production
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5
Q

Predict the % of each energy system for the following activity: BASKETBALL

A

60% ATP-CP
20% Lactic Acid
20% Oxygen

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6
Q

Where, specifically, is potential chemical energy stored in the ATP molecule?

A

Energy is stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups.

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7
Q

How long can an exercise be performed maximally in the lactic acid system before the system fatigues?

A

1-3 Minutes

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8
Q

True or False: Anaerobic metabolism partially breaks down carbohydrate

A

True

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9
Q

List the disadvantages of the ATP-CP System

A
  • Only one fuel source (CP)
  • Very limited ATP production
  • Low endurance capacity
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10
Q

Predict the % of the energy system for the following activity: TENNIS

A

70% ATP-CP
20% Lactic Acid
10% Oxygen

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11
Q

A miler/800 meter runner would use primarily what type of FUEL for energy?

(food group)

A

Carbohydrate

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12
Q

After a series of 6 sprints lasting one minute long, with 10 minutes rest in between each one, what would your muscle glycogen stores look like?

A

Although muscle glycogen stores would show some depletion, there would still be adequate amounts remaining in the muscle.

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13
Q

Name the 3 substances that the Krebs Cycle Produces.

A
  • Electrons
  • H+ Ions
  • CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
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14
Q

List the advantages of the Lactic Acid System.

A
  • Fast rate of ATP production
  • High power production
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15
Q

Predict the % of each energy system for the following activity: 5K RUN

A

5% ATP-CP
15% Lactic Acid
80% Oxygen

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16
Q

A source of fuel stored in adipose tissue; released during prolonged exercise

A

Blood-Borne Fatty Acids

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17
Q

List 3 specific strategies that would help delay fatigue during athletic performances.

A
  1. Train the body to use more fat, rather than glycogen, as fuel to spare muscle glycogen
  2. Drink CHO liquid (such as Gatorade)
  3. Increase lactate threshold (LT) in order to delay accumulation of lactic acid
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18
Q

Which of the following fuel sources, when broken down, would release the greatest amount of energy to resynthesize ATP stores?

Carbohydrate, fat, or protein?

A

Fat (460 ATP)

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19
Q

List the disadvantages of the Lactic Acid System.

A
  • Only one fuel source (CHO)
  • Limited ATP production
  • Low endurance capacity
  • Increased H+ ions = fatigue
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20
Q

Predict the % of each energy system for the following activity: SOCCER

A

35% ATP-CP
25% Lactic Acid
40% Oxygen

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21
Q

List 7 specific kinds of fuel an athlete can use when exercising.

(chemicals)

A

Blood Glucose
Muscle Glycogen
Lactic Acid (Lactate)
Muscle Triglycerides
Blood-Born Fatty Acids
Protein
Chemical CP

22
Q

Explain the main idea of the Central Governor Theory of Fatigue

A

The key limiting factor of human performance isn’t in the muscles - activity is controlled by the brain.

23
Q

Which of the following statements is false regarding fat metabolism?

A. Fat is broken down to release enough energy to resynthesize 460 ATP.
B. Fat is preferred fuel during high-intensity aerobic exercise.
C. Fat breaks down at a 50% slower rate than carbohydrate.
D. During prolonged exercise 80% of the total energy comes from fat.

A

B - False because Cho is the preferred fuel choice

24
Q

List the advantages and disadvantages of the Oxygen System.

A

+ Multiple fuel sources
+ Unlimited ATP production
+ High endurance capacity

  • Slow rate of ATP production
  • Low power production
25
Q

Predict the % of each energy system for the following activity: 4:20 MILER

A

2% ATP-CP (5/260 sec)
69% Lactic Acid (180/260 sec)
29% Oxygen (75/260 sec)

26
Q

What 2 substances are required in order to burn fat?

A

Carbohydrate & Oxygen

27
Q

uses oxygen, low intensity

A

Aerobic

28
Q

Product for anaerobic exercise

A

Lactic Acid

29
Q

The energy system with the most power

A

ATP-CP System

30
Q

The most reliable test for power

A

40 yard dash

31
Q

True or False: Athlete A and B are both aerobic athletes. If athlete a is in better condition than athlete B then he/she will burn more fat per workout.

A

True

32
Q

Uses CHO (carbohydrate)

A

Both Aerobic & Anaerobic

33
Q

Primary fuel for the brain; can be manipulated during exercise

A

Blood Glucose

34
Q

An athlete jumping, throwing, and kicking are all activities that would primarily use what specific type of fuel for exercise.

A

Chemical CP

35
Q

True or False; Excessive lactic acid buildup causes muscular fatigue and soreness.

A

False

36
Q

Someone engaging in a long duration exercise will use more or less fat than someone engaging in a shorter duration activity?

A

More

(low intensity, high duration exercise programs burn more fat than carbohydrate)

37
Q

Uses fat and completely metabolizes carbohydrate

A

Aerobic

38
Q

1 source of fuel for exercise; loss of this fuel causes fatigue during long activities

A

Muscle Glycogen

39
Q

A volleyball player would spend most of her time training what energy system?

A

ATP-CP system

40
Q

Explain the results of one of the three studies involving cyclists and the Central Governor Theory

A
  1. Cyclists who were mentally fatigued performed about 15% worse than other cyclists
  2. When cyclists rinsed their mouths with a carb solution, they performed 2.95 better than when they used water
  3. Cyclists who were told it was cooler (than it actually was) had a lower perceived effort and were able to ride harder
41
Q

At rest, approximately what percentage of your energy come from fat?

A

2/3 (67%)

42
Q

Only small amounts of energy are produced and lactic acid is a byproduct.

A

Anaerobic

43
Q

Used as a fuel during severe starvation

A

Protein

44
Q

Warming down slowly after a repetitive, high intensity workout would use what specific type of fuel for exercise?

A

Lactic Acid

45
Q

What type of muscle fibers have a high anaerobic capacity?

A

Fast Twitch

46
Q

The percentage use of fat and carbohydrate are approximately equal after ______ minutes of leisurely walking.

A

20 Minutes

47
Q

Involves the Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport System

A

Aerobic

48
Q

Fat stored in the skeletal muscle

A

Muscle Triglycerides

49
Q

The amount of time an exercise can be performed maximally in the lactic acid system.

A

1-3 minutes

50
Q

Name the three processes of the aerobic metabolism of carbohydrate.

A
  1. Aerobic Glycolysis
  2. Krebs Cycle
  3. Electron Transport System (ETS)

Exercise Physiology (5 decks)

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