The Endocrine Pancreas Flashcards
1
Q
What are the functions of the pancreas?
A
Endocrine function
- islets of Langerhans
Exocrine function
- produce digestive enzymes
- acinar cells
2
Q
What are the hormones secreted by the pancreas?
A
Insulin Glucagon Somatostatin Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) Ghrelin Gastrin
3
Q
What are the cell types in the islets?
A
β-cells α-cells δ-cells PP cells e cells G cells
4
Q
What hormone do β-cells produce?
A
Insulin
5
Q
What hormone do α-cells produce?
A
Glucagon
6
Q
What hormone do δ-cells produce?
A
Somatostatin
7
Q
What hormone do PP cells produce?
A
PP
8
Q
What hormone do e cells produce?
A
Ghrelin
9
Q
What hormone do G cells produce?
A
Gastrin
10
Q
What hormones regulate glucose?
A
Insulin
Glucagon
11
Q
What is the effect of insulin?
A
Lowers blood glucose levels
12
Q
What is the effect of glucagon?
A
Raises blood glucose levels
13
Q
What is the normal range of blood glucose?
A
4-8mmol/L
14
Q
How is insulin synthesised?
A
- Insulin gene codes for mRNA
- RER
- preproinsulin translation
- signal cleavation
- proinsulin folding - proinsulin transported to golgi
- Golgi
- proinsulin cleaved
- produces insulin + c protein
15
Q
What regulates insulin secretion?
A
kATP channels
