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Athletic Therapy > the elbow > Flashcards

the elbow Flashcards

1
Q

medial elbow

A

trochlea

articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna

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2
Q

lateral elbow

A

capitulum

articulates with the head of the radius

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3
Q

olecranon fossa

A

articulates with olecranon fossa of ulna

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4
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament

A

strong anterior band, weaker transverse and middle sheets. does not attach to radius (it is free to rotate and spin)

anterior band: medial epicondyle to coronoid process
posterior band: medial epicondyle to the olecranon process
transverse band: olecranon process to the coronoid process

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5
Q

annular ligament

A

to allow radius to spin in the radial notch of the ulna

attached to the anterior and posterior margins of the radial notch and encircles the head and the neck of the radius

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6
Q

radial collateral ligament

A

intrinsic ligament on the lateral side of the elbow joint
runs from the lateral epicondyle of humerus to merge with the annular ligament
upper portion of supinator at the crest of teh ulna and ECRB

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7
Q

the elbow consists on how many joints

A

3

humeral ulnar
humeral radial
proximal radio-ulnar

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8
Q

elbow flexors

A

biceps
brachialis
brachioradialis

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9
Q

biceps brachii

A 
O: long head: supraglenoid tuberosity of teh scapula 
short head: coracoid process of scapula
I: tuberosty of the radius
A: flexes elbow and shoulder, supination
N: musculocutaneous
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10
Q

brachialis

A

O: anterior surface of the distal hald of the humerus
I: coronoid process of the ulna
A: flexes the elbow
N: musculocutaneous

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11
Q

brachioradialis

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
A: flexes the elbow
N: radial

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12
Q

triceps

A

O: long: infraglenoid tuberosity of humerus
lateral: posterior surface of teh humerus above the radial groove
medial: posterior humerus below the radial groove
I: olecranon process of the ulna
A: extension of the shoulder and elbow
N: radial

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13
Q

supinator

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: proximal end of the lateral surface of teh shaft of the radius
A: supinates elbow
N: radial

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14
Q

pronator teres

A

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid process of the ulna
I: middle of the lateral surface of the shaft of the radius
A: pronates the elbow
N: median

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15
Q

anconeus

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral olecranon process of ulna
A: elbow extension
N: radial

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16
Q

nerve supply to elbow

A

brachial plexus

musculocutaneous, radial, median, ulnar

17
Q

blood supply to the elbow

A

subclavian artery becomes the deep brachial ulnar recurrent, radial and ulnar

18
Q

varus stress test elbow

A

Purpose: Lateral collateral ligament sprain

Method: Pt is sitting with elbow flexed between 20-30 degrees. PT places one hand on elbow and the other proximal to pt’s wrist. PT applies varus force while palpating joint line.

Positive Test: Increased laxity, apprehension, or pain.

19
Q

valgus stress test elbow

A

Purpose: Medial Collateral Ligament Sprain

Method: Pt is sitting with elbow flexed between 20-30 degrees. PT places one hand on elbow and the other proximal to pt’s wrist. PT applies valgus force while palpating joint line.

Positive Test: Increased laxity, apprehension, or pain.

20
Q

pinch grip test

A

pinch thumb and index finger together
inability to touch fingers together indicates entrapment of anterior interosseus nerve
between heads of pronator muscle

21
Q

pronator teres syndrome test

A

Patient is sitting, elbow flexed to 90° and supported/stabilized.
RESIST: forearm pronation and elbow extension simultaneously
(+) TEST: Reproduces a tingling sensation or paresthesia within median nerve distribution

22
Q

tinels sign

A

The patient is positioned in sitting with the elbow in slight flexion. The therapist taps with the index finger between the olecranon process and the medial epicondyle. A positive test is indicated by a tingling sensation in the ulnar nerve distribution of the forearm, hand, and fingers. A positive test may be indicative of ulnar nerve compression or compromise.

23
Q

olecranon bursitis

A

inflammation of the bursa located over the olecranon process of the elbow

24
Q

little league elbow

A

an overuse injury of the medial epicondyle, usually caused by a repetitive throwing motion

25
Q

little league elbow disorders

A
  1. an accelerated apophyseal growth region plus a delay in the medial epicondylar growth plate
  2. a traction apophysitis with a possible fragmentation of the medial epicondylar apophysis
  3. avulsion of the medial epicondyle
  4. osteocondrosis of the humeral capitellum
  5. non-union stress fracture of olecranon epiphysis
26
Q

volkmanns contracture

A

condition in which the muscles in the palm side of the forearm shorten, causing the fingers to form a fist and the wrist to bend

Athletic Therapy (23 decks)

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