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Third Year > The Elbow > Flashcards

The Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones the elbow is comprised of

A

Radius, ulna, humerus

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2
Q

What are the joints of the humerus?

A

Ulnohumeral joint, radiohumeral joint

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3
Q

What are the ulnohumeral and radio humeral ligaments

A

medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligaments.

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4
Q

What encloses the medial and lateral collateral ligaments

A

The articular capsule

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5
Q

What holds the radial head against the ulna?

A

The annular ligament

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6
Q

What are the flexors of the elbow

A

Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

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7
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid Tubercle of the scapula
Short Head: Tip of the coracoid process
Insertion: Radial Tuberosity and fascia of the forearm via the bicipital aponeurosis
Action: Supinates and flexes the elbow.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve

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8
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: Distal 1/2 of the anterior surface of the humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna
Action: Flexes the elbow in all positions (in a pronated position).
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve

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9
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin: Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Insertion: Lateral surface of distal end of radius
Action: Flexes elbow joint, especially in semi-pronated position (beer drinking muscle)
Innervation: Radial nerve

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10
Q

Extensors of the elbow

A

Triceps brachii
Aconeus

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11
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Origin: Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Lateral head: Posterior surface of the humerus, superior to the radial groove
Medial head: Posterior surface of the humerus, inferior to the radial groove
Insertion: Proximal end of the olecranon of the ulna and fascia of the forearm
Action: Primary extensor of the elbow joint.
Innervation: radial nerve

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12
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Lateral surface of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior surface of the ulna
Action: Assists triceps in extending the elbow. Stabilizes elbow joint.
Innervation: Radial nerve

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13
Q

What muscles supinate the forearm?

A

Biceps brachii, supinator

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14
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, radial collateral ligament and annular ligaments, supinator fossa, crest of ulna
Insertion: Lateral, posterior, anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of the radius
Action: Supinates forearm
Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve

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15
Q

What muscles pronate the forearm?

A

Pronator quadratus and pronator teres

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16
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Origin: Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of the ulna
Insertion: Distal 1/4 anterior surface of the radius
Action: Pronates forearm; deep fibres bind radius and ulan together
Innervation: Anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve

17
Q

Pronator teres

A

Origin: Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Ulnar head: Coranoid process of the ulna
Insertion: Middle convexity of the lateral surface of the radius
Action: Pronates the forearm and flexes the elbow
Innervation: Median Nerve

18
Q

What is the wrist comprised of?

A

Ulna, radius, carpals

19
Q

What are the bones of the writs (SLTPTTCH)

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, triquetrium, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, hamate

20
Q

What are the joints of the wrist?

A

Radiocarpal, mid-carpal, intercarpal

21
Q

What are the radiocarpal ligaments?

A

Posterior ligament, anterior ligament, radial collateral, ulnar collateral

22
Q

What are the carpal joint ligaments:

A

Anterior and posterior interosseus carpal ligaments, flexor retinaculum (main)

23
Q

What does the flexor retinaculum create?

A

Carpal tunnel

24
Q

What are the movements of the wrist?

A

Flexion, extension, ulnar and radial deviation

25
Q

What are the flexors of the wrist?

A

Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus

26
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Base of the second metacarpal
Action: Flexes and radially deviates wrist joint
Innervation: Median nerve

27
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of the humeus
Ulnar head: Olecranon
Insertion: Pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal bone
Action: flexes and ulnar deviates wrist
Innervation: Ulnar nerve

28
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Distal half of the flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Action: Flexes wrist and tightens palmar aponeurosis
Innervation: Median neve

29
Q

What are the extensors of the wrist?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus (outer)
Extensor carpi radialis brevis (middle)
Extensor carpi ulnaris (most lateral)

30
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal
Action: Extend and radially deviate the wrist joint
Innervation: Radial nerve

31
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of 3rd metacarpal
Action: extension of wrist. Radially deviates.
Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve

32
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of the ulna
Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal
Action: Extends wrist
Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve

33
Q

What muscles ulnarlly deviate the wrist

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi ulnarisq

34
Q

What muscles radially deviate the wrist

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus+brevis
Flexor carpi radialis

Third Year (7 decks)

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