Muscles that Act on the shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What three bones is the pectoral girdle made of?

A

Clavicle, scapula, humerus

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2
Q

What is the role of the pectoral girdle?

A

Connects axial to appendicular skeleton, full range of motion in upper limb.

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3
Q

What are the joints and articulations of the pectoral girdle?

A

Sternocostal, sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, costovertebral, scapulothoracic, interclavicular

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4
Q

How does the glenohumeral joint stay in place?

A

Muscles, joint capsule, ligaments

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5
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

Fibrocartilage, deepends glenoid fossa by 5-9 mm, creates a wall that creates for articular space for humeral head.

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6
Q

What are the ranges of motion for the glenohumeral joint?

A

Flexion/extension, adduction and abduction, internal and external rotation, circumduction

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7
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A

Resists inferior and posterior translation, connects at coracoid process and greater tubercle of humerus

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8
Q

Glenohumeral ligament

A

Resists anterior displacement of the humeral head. Connects anatomical neck of humerus and scapula. Tightens with external rotation

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9
Q

What muscles flex the shoulder?

A

Deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis

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10
Q

What muscles extend the shoulder?

A

Deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, pec major, triceps brachii

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11
Q

Deltoid muscle:

A

Origin: Anterior border and upper surface of the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion and the spine of the scapula.
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Action: Abduction, flexion, extension of the shoulder
Innervation: Axillary nerve

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12
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Origin: Sternocostal head: superior costal 6 cartilages, ant surface sternum
Clavicular head: ant surface medial half clavicle
Insertion: lateral lip of the bicipital groove of humerus
Action: adducts, medially rotates humerus, flexion
Innervation: Lateral and medical pectoral nerves

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13
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: middle 1/3 medial surface of humerus
Action: flexion and adduction of shoulder
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

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14
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Origin: spinous processes of 6 thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, inferior ribs 3-5
Insertion: Floor of the intertubercular groove
Action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus. Tilts pelvis anteriorly and laterally, bilaterally acts in hyperextending the spine depending on the orientation of the pelvis
Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve

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15
Q

Teres major

A

Origin: Posterior aspect of the inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion: medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus
Action: adduction, medial rotation, extension
Innervation: Lower subscapular

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16
Q

What muscles ABduct the shoulder?

A

Deltoid, supraspinatus

17
Q

What muscles ADDuct the shoulder?

A

Coracobrachialis, pec major, latissimus dorsi, teres major

18
Q

What muscles medial rotate the shoulder?

A

Pec major, latissiumus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis

19
Q

What muscles laterally rotate the shoulder?

A

Infraspinatus, teres minor

20
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: middle facet of greater tubercle
Action: laterally rotates
Innervation: Subscapular nerve

21
Q

Teres minor

A

Origin: Middle part of the lateral border of the scapula
Insertion: Inferior facet of greater tubercle
Action: laterally rotates
Innervation: Axillary nerve

22
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: Medially rotates

23
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: Abduction

24
Q

Where is the medial wall of the Axilla?

A

Serratus anterior/thoracic wall

25
Lateral wall of the axilla?
Bicipital groove
26
Anterior wall of axilla?
Pec major and minor
27
The posterior wall of axilla?
Subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major
28
What are the contents of the axilla?
Axillary artery, axillary vein, brachial plexus, lymph nodes