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Geography > The Earth > Flashcards

The Earth Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the shape of the earth

A

Flattened at the poles , budges at the equator

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2
Q

What do we call the shape of the earth

A

Geoid

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3
Q

What is the equatorial diameter

A

12 755

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4
Q

What is the polar diameter

A

12 713

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5
Q

What is the polar circumstance

A

40 008

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6
Q

What is the Equatorial circumfrance

A

40 077

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7
Q

What is the earths 2 types of movement

A

Rotation and Revolution

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8
Q

What is rotation

A

The earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours

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9
Q

What is revolution

A

The earth moves around the sun once every 365 and a quarter days

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10
Q

Where does the earth rotate from

A

West to east

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11
Q

How long does a rotation take

A

24 hours

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12
Q

What does the rotation of the earth cause

A

Day and night

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13
Q

Why does half of the earth receive sun at a time

A

The earth is a sphere

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14
Q

What does the earth follow around the sun

A

An elliptical movement around the sun

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15
Q

What are the 5 factors causing seasons

A

The earth is a sphere (half receives sun at a time )
Earth rotates on its own axis
Earths axis is tilted
Earths axis always parrallel to previous position
Earth revolves around the sun

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16
Q

What is a solstice

A

Northern or Southern Hemisphere tilted towards sun , receiving direct rays

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17
Q

When is the Southern Hemispheres winter solstice

A

21st June

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18
Q

When is the northern hemispheres summer solstice

A

21st June

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19
Q

When is the northern hemisphere winter solstice

A

22 December

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20
Q

When is the Southern Hemisphere summer solstice

A

22 dec

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21
Q

Why is 22 dec Southern Hemispheres summer solstice

A

Suns rays directly over Tropic of Capricorn

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22
Q

What is a Equinox

A

Suns rays directly on equator , days and nights of equal length

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23
Q

When is the Southern Hemispheres autumn equinoxes

A

21st March

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24
Q

When is the NH spring equinox

A

21st March

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25
Q

When is NH autumn equinox

A

22 September

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26
Q

When is SH spring equinoxes

A

22 dec

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27
Q

What is the order of seasons

A

Summer , autum , winter , spring

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28
Q

Where do lines of latitude run from

A

East to west

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29
Q

What are lines of latitude known as

A

Parrallels

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30
Q

What is the most important line of latitude

A

Equator

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31
Q

Why do lines of latitude never touch

A

They are parrallel

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32
Q

How many Lines of latitude

A

180

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33
Q

What does latitude divide the world into

A

Northern and southern

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34
Q

What is the greatest circle of latitude lines

A

Equator

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35
Q

What is 90 north

A

North Pole

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36
Q

What is 66 ,5 north

A

Arctic circle

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37
Q

What is 23,5 north

A

Tropic of Cancer

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38
Q

What is 0

A

Equator

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39
Q

What is 23,5 south

A

Tropic of Capricorn

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40
Q

What is 66,5 south

A

Antarctic circle

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41
Q

What is 90 degrees south

A

South Pole

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42
Q

Where do lines of longitude run from

A

North to south

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43
Q

What are lines of longitude known as

A

Meridians

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44
Q

What is the most important line of longitude

A

Prime meridian

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45
Q

Where do lines of longitude touch

A

At the poles

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46
Q

Where are lines of longitude furthest away at

A

The equator

47
Q

How many lines of longitude

A

360

48
Q

What does longitude dived the world into

A

Western and eastern

49
Q

What do lines of longitude form

A

Half a great circle

50
Q

What are the two different lines of longitude

A

Prime meridian , international date line

51
Q

Is the earth completely round

A

No

52
Q

What is the diameter of the moon

A

3476km

53
Q

Is there moon or earth bigger

A

The earth

54
Q

What does the moon follow

A

And elliptical orbit around the earth

55
Q

What do the earth and moon do together

A

Revolve around eachother

56
Q

What is the common center of gravity between moon and earth

A

Barrycentre

57
Q

What does the moon reflect off the sun

A

Light

58
Q

How long does it take for the moon to revolve around the earth ? What month is this

A

27 and a half days , sidereal month

59
Q

How long does it take from full moon to full moon , what month

A

29 and a half days , lunar / synodic month

60
Q

What are the effects of the moon

A

Eclipses and tides

61
Q

What ability does the moon have

A

The ability to grow thicker and thinner

62
Q

What is it called when the moon gets bigger

A

Waxing crescent

63
Q

What is it called when the moon gets smaller

A

Waning crescent

64
Q

Why is this new moon indivisible

A

Part facing earth is in shadow

65
Q

Which day is the waxing crescent moon

A

3 and a half days

66
Q

Which day is the first quarter moon

A

7 and a half days

67
Q

Which day is the waxing gibbous moon

A

11 and a quarter days

68
Q

Which day is the full moon

A

14 and three quarter days

69
Q

Which day is the waning gibbous moon

A

18 and a half days

70
Q

Which day is the third quarter moon

A

22 and a half days

71
Q

Which day is the waning crescent moon

A

26 days

72
Q

When do eclipses occur

A

When the sun , moon and earth are in conjunction

73
Q

What is conjunction

A

A straight line

74
Q

How many eclipses are there and what are they called

A

2 , solar and lunar eclipse

75
Q

When does a solar eclipse occur

A

When the moon moves directly between sun and earth

76
Q

What does the moon do during a solar eclipse

A

Blocks out the sun , causes a shadow on the earths surface

77
Q

What will happen if you are standing on earth where the shadow falls

A

You will see the moon blocking out all the light

78
Q

What is a penumbra

A

A partial eclipse

79
Q

What is an umbra

A

Total shadow

80
Q

How many solar eclipses are there and what are they called

A
  1. Partial eclipse , total eclipse , annular eclipse
81
Q

What is a partial eclipse

A

Moon gets slightly in the way

82
Q

What is a total eclipse

A

Moon completely blocks out sun

83
Q

What is an annular eclipse

A

Moons at its furthest distance away from us . It appears a bit to small to cover the sun

84
Q

Where can total solar eclipses be seen from on earth

A

Small part of the earth

85
Q

How many solar eclipses every year

A

2-5

86
Q

What happens to the weather during a solar eclipse

A

Sun dissapears, in the middle of the day
Tempreature gets cooler
Wind drops

87
Q

When does a lunar eclipse occur

A

When the earth moves directly between sun and moon

88
Q

What causes a shadow over the moon during a lunar eclipse

A

The earth blocks out the sun , causing a shadow over the moon

89
Q

If we look at the moon during a lunar eclipse what will we see

A

A round black shape slowly creeping across it ( earth shadow)

90
Q

What is a partial lunar eclipse

A

Shadows slightly covers moon

91
Q

What is a total lunar eclipse

A

Shadow completely engulfs moon

92
Q

How long can a lunar eclipse last for

A

A few hours

93
Q

How many lunar eclipses are there every year

A

1-2

94
Q

What is the colour of earth during a full lunar eclipse

A

Dark reddish gold colour

95
Q

How often do tides take place

A

Every 12 hours

96
Q

What is the time difference between low and high tides

A

6 hours

97
Q

Why is the actual time of tides slightly different each day

A

The moon is revolving around the earth

98
Q

How are tides useful for humans

A

Low tides rocks are exposes , sea animals are exposed

High tides rocks are covered , you can catch fish as brought closer to shore

99
Q

What are the 2 factors for tides

A

Earth rotates and forces sea away from its surface

The moons gravitational force pulls the ocean

100
Q

What force causes the ocean to budge which causes high tides

A

Centrifugal forces

101
Q

What does centripedal mean

A

Pulling together

102
Q

What does centrifugal mean

A

Pulling away

103
Q

How does the moons gravitational pull attract the ocean

A

The moon has twice as much pull on the earths surfaces compared to the sun , because the distance between earth and moon is smaller

104
Q

How many tides are there and what are they called

A

2 spring and Neap tides

105
Q

What is a spring tide

A

When the moon and sun are in conjunction the forces of gravity are much stronger

106
Q

What is conjunction

A

A straight line

107
Q

What happens to the tides during a spring tide

A

High tides are higher

Low tides are lower

108
Q

What is the difference between tides during a spring tide

A

There is a big difference

109
Q

What is A Neap tide

A

When the moon and sun are at right angles to the earth the forces of gravity are much weaker

110
Q

What happens to the tides during neap tides

A

High tides are lower

Low tides are higher

111
Q

What is the difference between tides during neap tides

A

Tidal range is much smaller

112
Q

How could tides generate electricity

A

Wave paddles are moved by the water and kinetic energy is turned into electrical energy

113
Q

Why is the moon visible at night

A

The reason that you see moon is that it reflects light from the sun. … Night is defined as the time of day when the sun is not visible. The earth has spun around so you’re facing away from the sun at night

114
Q

Why is the moon red during a lunar eclipse

A

You can credit Earth’s atmosphere with providing an orangish color to the moon during an eclipse. The atmosphere acts like a filtered lens. It bends red sunlight into our planet’s shadow and scatters out blue light. It’s the same reason why sunrises and sunsets appear reddish

Geography (5 decks)

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