The Dumas- Unit 1 Flashcards
1
Q
When was the first Duma?
A
April- June 1906
2
Q
Why did the Duma not have as much authority as anticipated?
A
- Early 1906, Tsarist regime negotiated substantial loan from France, Duma less likely to have financial authority.
- Bi cameral, one chamber elected lower house, majority is a state council appointed by tsar with right to veto.
3
Q
Why was the first Duma dissolved?
A
- People immediately voiced anger at the lack of authority the Duma had.
- Goremykin (chief minister) said the demands are ‘inadmissible’, Tsar responded, ‘Curse the Duma. It is all Witte’s doing.
- Dissolved.
4
Q
What was the result of the dissolution of the first Duma?
A
- 200 Kadets issued ‘Vyborg Appeal’, wanting to persuade Russian people to not pay taxes, disobey conscription orders.
- Misunderstood, resulted in widespread violence which the gov was legally able to counteract with violence.
5
Q
What was the result of the Vyborg appeal?
A
- Stolypin appointed chief minister, 2500 executions.
- Martial Law introduced.
-Kadets never recover from the humiliation.
6
Q
When was the second Duma?
A
February-June 1907.
7
Q
What happened in the second Duma?
A
- Kadets lost half of their seats, with SDs and SRs taking over over 80 of their seats.
- SD’s said it was the ‘Duma of the people’s wrath’.
- Right wings increased, hostility.
- Revolutionaries criticised how imperial army was organised. Stolypin accused SD and SR members of subversion. Assembly dissolved.
8
Q
When was the third Duma?
A
November 1907- June 1912
9
Q
What happened in the third Duma?
A
- Tsar wanted to keep Duma for foreign policy, Russia appeared more democratic.
- Rendered docile, Stolypin introduced new electoral laws, where only the higher classes could vote. Peasants and industrial workers lost industry.
- Right wings now had majority in Duma, more co-operative so Stolypin could introduce his land reforms.
- Used committee system to discuss army, 2571 reforms introduced including schools for poor and national insurance for industrial workers.
10
Q
When was the fourth Duma?
A
November 1912- August 1914.
11
Q
What happened in the fourth Duma?
A
- Criticisms of the Tsar were voiced, but the rights were still in the majority.
- Simply continued social reform.
