The DRIA-model (ORSINI) Flashcards
Who made the DRIA-model and what is it about (what kinds of terrorists)?
- Orsinis theory published in 2009
- Is about VOCATIONAL terrorists/terrorists by Vocation
What is a vocational terrorist?
Put shortly: A person have a crisis, and starts questioning their beliefs and meaning with their life. To fill this, they embrace a radical mental worldview/mental universe.
A person who comes to the conclusion, their life has no meaning and start questioning their earlier beliefs. In order to satisfy this inner need/spiritual need, they adapt a radical worldview, an ideology of a terror organisation.
- They embrace a radical worldview to satisfy an inner need.
- They have an identity crisis, thay have to attach meaning to their lives.
What kind of mindset does a vocational terrorist have?
- A radical mental universe!!!
What are the seven characteristics of a radical mental universe?
- Radical catastrophism
- Waiting for the end
- Obsession with purity
- Identification of evil
- Obsession with purification
- Exaltation of martyrdom or desire to be persecuted
- Purification of the means through the end
What is radical catastrophism? (DRIA model)
- The idea, that the world is a horrible place to live. For instance in sacrifice, the members describes how the world has a “sick soul” and how people are hollow. Also what happens when right-wing terrorists thinks that muslim immigrants have ruined their society or what left-wing terrorists thinks capitalistic society is.
- What is important is, that this is someone’s fault. That the world is horrible is due to the muslims, communists or the bourgeoise.
What is “waiting for the end”? (DRIA)
- People are expecting the world to end
What is obsession with purity?
- Obsession with purity is the idea, that some people are pure and some are inpure, and you do not wish to be contaminated with the impureness of the others.
- People wish to isolate themselves from the cathegory described in the first characteristic – the “morally declined”
- Important difference between obsession with purity and purification!
What is Identification of evil (DRIA)?
- Identification of a special social category, who deserves to be killed.
What is obsession with purification? (DRIA)
- Obsession with purification is the obsession with removing the unpure (by killing them)
- You have identified the unpure, identified them as evil, and now you wish to purify the world, by removing this evil.
What is the exaltation of martyrdom or desire to be persecuted? (DRIA)
- Terrorists wish to sacrifice their own life for the cause. As in Sacrifice, where courage, honour and sacrifice are the most important qualities. The greatest honour you can reach is to sacrifice your own life for the cause.
- It is a sign of moral purity
What is purification of the means through the end? (DRIA)
- Purification of the means through the end is the end situation for a terrorist, when they see killing as a justified mean to purify the world.
Can you please tell me what a radical mental universe is?
- A radical mental universe is the universe of a vocational terrorist. It has seven characteristics.
Does a vocational terrorist have to have a specific ideology?
- No, all kinds of terrorists can be vocational – weather they are left-wing, right-wing, islamist or something fourth.
- He has found the seven characteristics in all kinds.
Is ideology important for the DRIA-model?
- YES. It is a necessary condition in order to become a vocational terrorist, that you adopt a certain ideology.
- Ideology is necessary in order to accept the idea of killing and being killed.
What does D-R-I-A stand for?
- D = Disintegration of social identity
o In this step, people start questioning their present values due to trauma or personal failure. Maybe they feel marginalised, experience something hard or something else. Therefor they get cognitive opening and they might start searching for an exit strategy. - R = Reconstruction of social identity through a radical ideology
o People who have experienced the first step might find an ideology, which offers them some existential point of reference, so they can reconstruct their social identity.
o In this phase they acquire a radical mental universe, which contain the seven characteristics. - I = Integration in a revolutionary sect
o People who have gained the radical mental universe starte looking for like-minded. Sometimes they find real people, sometimes they get an “imagined comminuty” and start seeing themselves as for instance members of ISIS.
o THIS is were the shift from cognitive to violent radicalisation happens. - A = Allienation from the surrounding world
o This step is crucial since it helps the radicalized person to accept the idea of killing. It does this in two ways: 1) Manifestly: It forbids a relationship with the “morally corrupt” others, and thereby helps them to feel morally superior. 2) Latently, it hinders the surrounding world in from excercising “moral authority” on them, and thereby create doubts about the ideology.
o By being allineated from the surrounding world, the person does not receive “NEGATIVE FEEDBACK”, which can make you question your ideology. A negative feedback is a person who does not agree with your view, and tell you that you are wrong.
