The Digestive System Flashcards
Name 6 functions of the digestive system
Ingestion Mechanical digestion and propulsion Chemical digestion Secretion Absorption Excretion
Name the abdominopelvic regions.
Right hypochondriac; epigastric; left hypochondriac
Right lumbar; Umbilical; Left lumbar
Right inguinal; Hypogastric; Left inguinal
Name the three major oral cavity ducts and their functions.
Parotid (25%), sublingual (5%), submandibular (70%)
Moisten, lubricate, dissolve chemicals that stimulate taste buds and sensory receptors
What is the name of the enzyme that initiates the digestion of complex carbs?
Salivary amylase
Where does the oesophagus penetrate the diaphragm?
Oesophageal hiatus
Where is the diaphragm?
The xiphoid process
T10
What penetrates the diaphragm?
The oesophagus, IVC, aorta
What is the name of the diaphragm tendon?
Central tendon
What are mesenteries?
Double sheets of peritoneal membrane
Passageways for nerves, vessels and lymphatics
What are the retroperitoneal organs?
Pancreas, duodenum, rectum
What is ascites?
Fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Describe the structure of the intestinal wall
Plica circulares covered with microvilli
What are the endocrine and exocrine areas of the pancreas?
Islets and acinar cells
What are the regions of the gallbladder?
Fundus, body, neck, cystic duct
What is the function of the gallbladder?
Stores and concentrates bile
