The Digestive System Flashcards
What are the organs in the digestive system:
Mouth, stomach, pancreas, liver(?), gall bladder(?), small intestine, large intestine, rectum(?)
What does the mouth do in digestion:
Teeth mechanically break up food, amylase breaks down starch, mucus is produced to make food easier to swallow
What does the stomach do in digestion:
Gastric juices are released from glandular tissue, pepsin (for protein) is released, muscular tissue contracts to move food, proteins are absorbed, harmful microbes are killed
What does bile do in digestion:
Produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder, neutralises stomach acid, emulsifies fat from large globules to smaller droplets
What does the small intestine do in digestion:
Absorbs glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol, has villi with a large surface area and good blood supply for absorption
What does the large intestine do in digestion:
Absorbs the water and sends everything else as waste
In enzymes, what is the substrate:
The one molecule that an enzyme will attach to
In enzymes, what is the active site:
The place the substrate fits into
What are enzymes made of:
Folded up protein
What are enzymes:
Biological catalysts
Different enzymes need different:
temperatures/pHs - these things may alter the shape of the active site
Pepsin works in pH:
1-3
All enzymes but pepsin work in pH:
6-8
After 40 degrees Celsius, enzymes are:
Denatured
What does the pancreas do:
Produce pancreatic juices which contain the three main enzyme groups
