The Digestive System Flashcards
What is physical digestion?
It is breaking down food in mechanical methods.
What two types of digestion are they?
There is physical digestion and chemical digestion.
What is chemical digestion?
It is breaking down food by using enzymes.
What does the mouth do?
Physical digestion:Chews and grinds food
Chemical digestion:saliva in the mouth softens food
What are enzymes?
These are chemicals made of protein made in the body that speed up chemical reactions without the enzymes being used up
What is the difference between enzymes and catalyst?
The enzymes are made of protein whereas catalysts are not
What is amylase and what does it do?
It is an enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch into a simple sugar called maltose.
What are the four types of teeth?
Incisors, canine, premolars and molars
What is an Oesophagus?
A muscular tube that forces food down and sends it to the stomach.
What is the name of the muscular wave in the Oesophagus?
Peristalisis
What is the stomach?
A muscular bag that stores food for a few hours
How does the stomach breakdown food?
Physical digestion:the stomach churns and mixes food
Chemical digestion:It has an acid called hydrochloric acid that kills bacteria and soften foods.
How is heartburn caused?
The hydrochloric acid goes to the Oesophagus and causes a stinging sensation
What is the function of the small intestine?
It produces enzymes to breakdown the food and absorbs the nutrients and sends it to the blood stream
What is the liver?
The liver is the largest internal organ in the body. It produces bile for the digestion of fats in the small intestine.
What does the pancreas do?
produces enzymes to breakdown proteins, fats and carbohydrates.It sends these enzymes to the small intestine.
What is the function of the large intestine?
It takes most of the water from the food and sends it to the bloodstream.
What are faeces?
These are semi solid waste materials left in the large intestine these are stored in the rectum
How is constipation formed?
When too much water has been absorbed and the waste becomes too solid
What is egestion?
The loss of un disgusted food.
What else do enzymes do?
They grow muscles, produce hair, forms blood cells, the breakdown of poisonous substances
Since we are talking about enzymes what is a product?
Rage substance produced as a result of the action of an enzyme
In the context of enzymes what is a substrate ?
The substance that an enzyme acts on
