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HISTORY: The Cold War > The Development Of The Cold War > Flashcards

The Development Of The Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

Which decade did the Chinese civil war begin in?

A

1920s

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2
Q

Who fought in the Chinese civil war?

A

Communists vs nationalists

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3
Q

Who led the communist revolution in China (leader of communist party)?

A

Mao Zedong

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4
Q

When did an alliance form between the 2 sides fighting in the Chinese civil war?

A

WW2

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5
Q

When does the alliance end? And when does fighting start up again? (Chinese civil war)

A

After WW2

By 1946, the 2 sides are fighting a civil war again

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6
Q

By when are the Chinese nationalists looking to retreat? But what happens instead?

A

Early 1947 looking to retreat but USA keeps supplying military + financial aid

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7
Q

After a string of military victories in 1949, what does Mao do?

A

Proclaims the establishment of the PRC (people’s republic of china) - a communist China

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8
Q

When does Mao proclaim the establishment of the PRC (a communist China)?

A

October 1949

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9
Q

Who was the Treaty of Friendship between?

A

PRC + USSR

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10
Q

When was the Treaty of Friendship signed?

A

February 1950

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11
Q

Did the West acknowledge the establishment of the PRC?

A

No - they refused to accept the new Chinese gov

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12
Q

Who occupied Korea before WW2 + why did they withdraw?

A

Korea was occupied by Japan but they had to withdraw after ww2 defeat

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13
Q

What happened in June 1950 (Korean War)?

A

Stalin sent aid + resources to help the leader of the north + the north invaded the south in a bid to unite the country under communism

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14
Q

How were the USA + USSR involved the Korean War?

A

Stalin sent aid + resources to support North Korea

USA sent troops to defend South Korea

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15
Q

When did the conflict in Korea reach a stalemate?

A

1951

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16
Q

When and how did the stalemate in Korea end?

A

Eisenhower signed an agreement to end the conflict in (January) 1953

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17
Q

Who controlled Vietnam after WW2? Were Vietnamese people happy with this?

A

After ww2, Vietnam was returned to French control but many Vietnamese people wanted independence

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18
Q

Who were the Viet Minh?

A

A communist guerrilla organisation fighting the war against the French for independence

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19
Q

How were the USA involved in the Vietnam War?

A

They financially supported the French war effort

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20
Q

When were the French finally defeated by the Viet Minh? And at which battle?

A

1954 at the battle of Dien Bien Phu

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21
Q

What happened after the French defeat in Vietnam was formalised?

A

Vietnam was temporarily split into 2 zones:

  • northern zone governed by Viet Minh
  • southern zone governed by anti-communist gov
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22
Q

Where was the French defeat in Vietnam formalised? (+ year)

A

The Geneva Conference (in 1954)

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23
Q

When did North Vietnam finally invade south + take control of whole country?

A

1975

24
Q

When was NATO formed?

A

April 1949

25
Q

What is NATO? (2)

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

Military alliance between North America + countries Europe (the West, capitalist countries)

26
Q

When was the Warsaw Pact formed?

A

1955

27
Q

What was the Warsaw Pact?

A

Communist military alliance

28
Q

USA’s first atomic bomb - when?

A

1945

29
Q

USSR’s own atomic bomb - when?

A

1949

30
Q

USA’s 1st hydrogen bomb - when?

A

1952

31
Q

USSR’s own hydrogen bomb - when?

A

1953

32
Q

USSR developed 1st ICBM - when?

A

1957

33
Q

USSR 1st satellite into space - when?

A

1957

34
Q

USSR 1st satellite reaches the moon - when?

A

1959

35
Q

USSR achieve 1st space walk - when?

A

1965

36
Q

USA 1st man on the moon - when?

A

1969

37
Q

USA 1st exploration of the moon - when? (decade)

A

Early 1970s

38
Q

Khrushchev pursued a policy of…

A

De-Stalinisation

39
Q

What did Khrushchev call his theory about how communists and capitalists could live in peace?

A

Peaceful co-existence

40
Q

Why did the Hungarian Uprising happen? (4)

A
  • lack of cultural freedom
  • poor standards of living
  • presence of Soviet troops
  • rule by fear
41
Q

Who was elected as PM after the demonstrations and protests in Budapest?

A

Imre Nagy

42
Q

When was Imre Nagy elected in Hungary?

A

October 1956

43
Q

When was the Hungarian Uprising?

A

1956

44
Q

What did Nagy announce upon his election as Hungarian PM? (2)

A

He announced a programme of reform and that Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact

45
Q

What triggered the Soviets to invade Hungary?

A

When it was announced Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact

46
Q

What happened when the Soviets invaded Hungary? (to the Hungarians) (3)

A
  • Nagy was arrested and later executed
  • protesters imprisoned
  • 30000 Hungarians killed
47
Q

Who was appointed as leader of Hungary after Nagy was arrested + killed?

A

Janos Kadar

48
Q

What did Janos Kadar’s hard line communist government do? (2) (about reforms + communism)

A

Abolished Nagy’s reforms

Returned Hungary to a pro-communist state

49
Q

When was the U2 plane shot down over the USSR?

A

1 May 1960

50
Q

Who was the pilot - U2 crisis?

A

Gary Powers

51
Q

What did the USA try to say their U2 spy plane was?

A

A weather plane

52
Q

Why did the USSR not believe the USA saying their U2 spy plane was a weather plane?

A

Gary Powers had been captured and had admitted to spying

53
Q

How many days before the Paris Summit was the U2 incident?

A

13 days

54
Q

What were the impacts of the U2 crisis?

A
  • there was no Paris Summit meeting —> meant there were no peace agreements, no Test Ban Treaty on nuclear weapons —> neither side disarmed
  • no discussion on Berlin —> Berlin Wall
55
Q

U2 spy planes were … and could fly at …

A

Lightweight

75000 feet

HISTORY: The Cold War (5 decks)

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