The Demographic Transition Model and development

Question 1

what is a modern day example of stage 1 of the DTM?

Answer 1

traditional rainforest tribes

Question 2

what is a modern day example of stage 2 of the DTM?

Answer 2

Afghanistan

Question 3

what is a modern day example of stage 3 of the DTM?

Answer 3

India, Kenya, Brazil

Question 4

what is a modern day example of stage 4 of the DTM?

Answer 4

USA, UK, France

Question 5

what is a modern day example of stage 5 of the DTM?

Answer 5

Italy, Germany, Japan

Question 6

describe stage 1 of the DTM

Answer 6

-low life expectancy
-population fairly stable
-high birth rate
-high death rate

Question 7

describe stage 2 of the DTM

Answer 7

-population grows
-birth rate remains high
-death rate drops rapidly

Question 8

describe stage 3 of the DTM

Answer 8

-population grows but not as fast
-birth rate drops rapidly
-death rate continues to decrease but more slowly

Question 9

describe stage 4 of the DTM

Answer 9

-low birth rate
-low death rate

Question 10

describe stage 5 of the DTM

Answer 10

-population starts to decrease
-birth rate very low and drops below death rate

Question 11

what are the reasons for the birth rate characteristics in stage 1 of the DTM?

Answer 11

-no means of birth control
-fluctuates due to disease/famine/war

Question 12

what are the reasons for the birth rate characteristics in stage 2 of the DTM?

Answer 12

-no means of birth control
-fluctuates due to disease/famine/war

Question 13

what are the reasons for the birth rate characteristics in stage 3 of the DTM?

Answer 13

-more birth control
-pension provision increased
-materialism

Question 14

what are the reasons for the birth rate characteristics in stage 4 of the DTM?

Answer 14

birth rate fluctuates due to economic situation

Question 15

what are the reasons for the birth rate characteristics in stage 5 of the DTM?

Answer 15

birth rate fluctuates due to economic situation

Question 16

what are the reasons for the death rate characteristics in stage 1 of the DTM?

Answer 16

-little medicine
-fluctuates due to disease/famine/war

Question 17

what are the reasons for the death rate characteristics in stage 2 of the DTM?

Answer 17

-improved medicine
-improved hygiene

Question 18

what are the reasons for the death rate characteristics in stage 3 of the DTM?

Answer 18

-improved medicine
-improved hygiene

Question 19

what are the reasons for the death rate characteristics in stage 4 of the DTM?

Answer 19

-improved medicine
-improved hygeine

Question 20

what are the reasons for the death rate characteristics in stage 5 of the DTM?

Answer 20

death rate increases slightly due to ageing population

Question 21

what are the reasons for high birth rate?

Answer 21

-so many children die in infancy that parents have big families in the hoe that at least some babies will survive
-several religions such as, Catholics and Hindus encourage big families
-a big family is kind of an insurance policy, making sure that there are children and grandchildren to look after you when you are old

Question 22

what are the reasons for a low birthrate?

Answer 22

-women have a better education and careers, so they tend to get married later and have fewer children
-people have more material possessions, homes, cars etc. and less time and money for children
-better advice and availability of contraceptives has lowered birth rates

Question 23

what are the reasons for a high death rate?

Answer 23

-famine, unreliable supplies of food, shortages an an unbalanced diet all lead to deaths
-lack of clean piped water and proper sewage disposal can lead to water born diseases like dysentery and choler’s which causes death
-few doctors, hospitals, medicines or vaccinations mean that even simple injuries and illnesses can be fatal

Question 24

what are the reasons for a low death rate?

Answer 24

-improved medical care, doctors, nurses, new hospitals, medicines and vaccinations
-as more food becomes available, the supply of food becomes guaranteed and there is a good variety of things to eat, people become healthier and live longer
-better infrastructure enable emergency services to reach all areas of the country so fewer people die

Question 25

what is the link between DTM and development?

Answer 25

In a LIC you would expect a falling death rate and a very high birth rate. We expect a short life expectancy. In a HIC we would expect the exact opposite with the birth and death rate , in a HIC it would be 8 per thousand in an existing population whereas in a LIC it is 40 to 50 per thousand people.