Causes and consequences of uneven development

Question 1

what are the causes of uneven development?

Answer 1

-physical causes
-historical causes
-economic causes

Question 2

what are the physical causes of uneven development?

Answer 2

-being landlocked
-climate
-extreme weather
-lack of adequate water supply
-earthquakes/volcanic eruptions

Question 3

how does being landlocked cause uneven development?

Answer 3

this prevents access to seaborn trade and food from fish

Question 4

what does landlocked mean?

Answer 4

this means a country is only bordered by land, with no access to the sea

Question 5

how does climate cause uneven development?

Answer 5

some climates are better for growing food than others, a moderate climate with rain is ideal and it needs to be suitable for work (not too hot or too cold)

Question 6

when it’s too hot how does this effect workers?

Answer 6

they become lethargic and don’t want to work

Question 7

when it’s too cold how does this effect workers?

Answer 7

it’s difficult to get to work and gets hard to operate machinery

Question 8

how does extreme weather cause uneven development?

Answer 8

tropical storms, drought and floods all destroy infrastructure

Question 9

how does lack of adequate water supply cause uneven development?

Answer 9

water is needed to grow food and industry so an inadequate water supply effects development, in poorer countries some people walk to collect water which takes a lot of time out of their lives

Question 10

how do earthquakes and volcanoes cause uneven development?

Answer 10

destroys infrastructure which has a negative impact on poorer countries

Question 11

what are the historical causes of uneven development?

Answer 11

-colonialism
-conflict

Question 12

how does colonialism cause uneven development?

Answer 12

-the aims of colonialism were to build global influence in order to better compete against a rival state and to access raw materials and labour
-South American, Asian and African cultures were badly effected, especially those that were a part of the slave trade, colonialism only benefitted the European countries and not the countries they took over

Question 13

how does conflict cause uneven development?

Answer 13

the country uses a large proportion of their resources on war instead of development, conflict also destroys infrastructure

Question 14

what are the economic causes of uneven development?

Answer 14

-poverty
-exploitation of LICs
-trade (TNCs)

Question 15

how does poverty cause uneven development?

Answer 15

poverty causes poverty as there is a low life expectancy, frequent illness and the lack of a nutritious diet makes economic development hard to achieve–> if people can’t buy anything in the first place then there is no demand for goods and they improve the economy

Question 16

how does exploitation of LICs cause uneven development?

Answer 16

rich countries and large international companies have a lot of power, they want to pay as little as possible for their raw materials –> there is often more supply than demand which keeps prices low (this allows the richer countries to get richer and poorer countries to get poorer)

Question 17

how does trade cause uneven development?

Answer 17

North America and Europe dominate world trade, the importance of Asia is growing as it includes Japan and the emerging economies of India China, most of the world’s trade is between richer countries

Question 18

what are the different consequences of uneven development?

Answer 18

-wealth
-health

Question 19

why is wealth a consequence of uneven development?

Answer 19

poorer people means there’s a lower tax intake so it’s worse for the economy, if people can’t afford to buy things then there’s a lower consumer demand which is worse for the economy

Question 20

why is health a consequence of uneven development?

Answer 20

if you have poor health you can’t work which is worse for the economy- the wealthier more developed African countries have fewer cases of malaria due to vaccination programs

Question 21

what is the definition of migration?

Answer 21

the movement of people

Question 22

what is the definition of domestic migration?

Answer 22

movement of people within a country

Question 23

what is the definition of international migration?

Answer 23

movement of people between countries

Question 24

what is the definition of voluntary migration?

Answer 24

people who choose to migrate

Question 25

what is the definition of forced migration?

Answer 25

people who have to migrate because of push factors

Question 26

what is the definition of an immigrant?

Answer 26

a person who moves into a country

Question 27

what is the definition of an emigrant?

Answer 27

a person who moves out of a country

Question 28

what is the definition of a refugee?

Answer 28

someone who is moving for fear of their own safety

Question 29

what is the definition of asylum seeker?

Answer 29

a refugee who has formally applied to reside in a country

Question 30

what is the definition of a displaced person?

Answer 30

someone who is living not where they want to

Question 31

what is the definition of an economic migrant?

Answer 31

someone moving for work

Question 32

how has technology effected LICs?

Answer 32

technology has allowed LICs to become increasingly aware of the development gap which leads to an increased international migration

Question 33

what is the definition of remittance?

Answer 33

when people working in a rich country sends money home to their family in a poorer country

Question 34

what are the positive effects of migration?

Answer 34

-more skill sets available to UK economy
-creates more demand for goods
-increases tax receipts
-people become more culturally aware

Question 35

what are the negative effects of migration?

Answer 35

-more demand for housing
-‘take our jobs’
-more demand for education
-potential for segregation

Question 36

describe the brain drain

Answer 36

the most intelligent and mobile people often leave poorer countries to work in richer countries as the salary is better e.g. Cuban doctors –> America and Indian IT experts –> UK