The demographic transition

Question 1

Stage 1.

Answer 1

High birth and death rates (may vary considerably), measured in parts per thousand.

Society is affected by war, famine, disease.

High infant mortality and epidemics leading to high mortality.

The birth rate is high, but it is only a small natural population increase.

Society is a typical pre-industrial.

Question 2

Stage 2.

Answer 2

Birth rates remain high, while the death rate drops sharply (population explosion).

Mortality decreases due to greater food production/supplies, improved transportation facilities, medical development, education and hygiene improvements.

Early industrial stage.

Question 3

Stage 3.

Answer 3

Birth rate decreases per woman, but a continued high population growth since the country has a high proportion of young people.

Social improvement, family planning and increased urbanization are behind the declining numbers.

Industrial society.

Question 4

Stage 4.

Answer 4

Low figures where the consequence is an ageing population (age explosion).

Immigration and refugees behind population growth (not natural) and baby booms.

Developed post-industrial society with a very slow population growth.

Question 5

Stage 5.

Answer 5

Declining birth rates and a restrictive immigration policy-declining population.

The senile stage.