The Contemporary World Bullets

Question 1

It is the process of expanding various sociocultural and socioecological processes from national to international and transcultural level.

Answer 1

Globalization

Question 2

It is a measurement flows and interconnection of a country to other global players through exchanges in trade, capital, people and information.

Answer 2

Global Connected Index (GCI)

Question 3

It refers to the barriers that prevent or makes it difficult for the movement of things.

Answer 3

Solidity

Question 4

These are materials or substances that are created or modified by humans through various industrial processes. They do not exist naturally. Examples are Great Wall of China and Berlin Wall

Answer 4

Man-made solidity

Question 5

Natural solids are materials or substances that occur in nature without significant human intervention. They form through geological, chemical, or biological processes. Examples are landforms and bodies of water.

Answer 5

Natural Solidity

Question 6

It refers to the increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the contemporary world.

Answer 6

Liquidity

Question 7

It refers to the increasing sameness in the world as cultural inputs, economic factors, and political orientations of societies expand to create common practices, same economies and similar forms of government.

Answer 7

Homogeneity

Question 8

It is one of the products of homogeneity in economic globalization.

Answer 8

Global Economic Crises

Question 9

It emphasizes the fact that cultures are essentially different and are only superficially affected by global flow.

Answer 9

Cultural differentialism

Question 10

It is an approach that emphasizes the integration of local and global cultures. Globalization is considered to be a creative process which gives rise to hybrid entities that are not reducible to either the global or the local.

Answer 10

Cultural Hybridization

Question 11

This approach stresses homogeneity introduced by globalization. Cultures are deemed to be radically altered by strong flows.

Answer 11

Cultural Convergence

Question 12

This happens when one culture imposes itself on and tends to destroy at least parts of another culture.

Answer 12

Cultural Imperialism

Question 13

This means that it is much more difficult to tie culture to a specific geographic point of origin. It is an idea of John Tomlinson.

Answer 13

Deterritorialization

Question 14

This refers to the expansion of national economies, the global market driven by modern technologies and institutional set ups that promote faster and easier flow of goods and capital.

Answer 14

Economic Globalization

Question 15

This denotes that the economies of various countries are more interconnected from extraction, production, distribution, consumption, to disposal of goods and services.

Answer 15

Global Economy

Question 16

These are global financial institutions that support a country’s economic growth trough support to governments and now other private sectors such as loans, and technical assistance

Answer 16

International Financial Institutions

Question 17

It is an international organization with 183 member countries that promotes international monetary cooperation and exchange stability to foster economic growth and high employment and to provide short-term financial assistance to countries to help ease balance of payments adjustments.

Answer 17

International Monetary Fund

Question 18

It is a system of nongovernment institutions that operates across geographical borders and organizes and mobilizes for a common issue or cause.

Answer 18

Global Civil Society

Question 19

It is an enterprise that engages in activities which add value in more than one country.

Answer 19

Global Corporation

Question 20

This is based on the theory of Wallerstein (1974) that recognizes that social, and economic change is not only endogenous to a country but is affected by its interaction with exogenous institutions.

Answer 20

World Systems Theory

Question 21

It is a process of combining or increasing the interconnectivity of national economies to the regional or global economies.

Answer 21

Economic Integration

Question 22

This refers to the statistical study of human populations. It examines the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time.

Answer 22

Global Demography

Question 23

This refers to the deterioration in environmental quality from ambient concentrations of pollutants and other activities and processes such as improper land use and natural disasters.

Answer 23

Environmental Degradation

Question 24

This means delivering sufficient food to the entire world population. It is, therefore a priority of all countries.

Answer 24

Global Food Security

Question 25

It is the result of companies trying to outmaneuver their competitors. While you search for the cheapest place to buy shoes, companies search for the cheapest place to make those shoes.

Answer 25

Economic and Trade Globalization

Question 26

We can see how different nations are divided between the North and the South, developed and less developed and the core and the periphery. These differences mainly reflect one key aspect of inequality.

Answer 26

Globalization and Inequality

Question 27

Two main types of economic inequality.

Answer 27

Wealth Inequality and Income Inequality

Question 28

It refers to the net worth of a country.

Answer 28

Wealth

Question 29

This may be natural, physical and human less the liabilities.

Answer 29

Assets of a Nation

Question 30

It is the abundance of resources in a specific country.

Answer 30

Wealth

Question 31

This peaks about distribution of assets. However, there is no widely recognized, monetary measure that sums up these assets.

Answer 31

Wealth inequality

Question 32

This also contributed to worldwide income inequality. It complemented skilled workers but replaced many unskilled workers.

Answer 32

Access to Technology

Question 33

In modernized economies, jobs are more technology-based, generally requiring new skills. Economkst referred to this as _______?

Answer 33

Skill-based Technological Change

Question 34

A situation wherein the Industrial Revolution caused the differences among countries. Through this explosion industry and modern technology, some nations became economically developed while other were developing.

Answer 34

Economic Big Bang

Question 35

This term refers to the capitalist, industrialized countries, within the western European and United States’ sphere of influence.

Answer 35

First World

Question 36

This term refers to former communist-socialist, industrial states, the territory and sphere of influence of the Union of Soviet Socialists Republic (Soviet Union).

Answer 36

Second World

Question 37

A country that is outdated and offensive term for developing nation characterized by a population with low and middle incomes and other socioeconomic indicators.

Answer 37

Third World

Question 38

It is the imbalances in the distribution of power, economic resources and opportunities.

Answer 38

Racial Inequality

Question 39

An urban centre that enjoys significant competitive advantages and that serves as a hub within a globalized economic system. It examined the common characteristics of the world’s important cities.

Answer 39

Global City

Question 40

This refers to the unequal distribution of resources among nations.

Answer 40

Global Stratification

Question 41

This theory frames global stratification as a function of technological and cultural differences between nations. It specifically pinpoints two historical events that contributed to Western Europe developing at a faster rate than much of the rest of the world.

Answer 41

Modernization Theory