the collapse of the autocracy (1894-1917) ~ revision textbook

Question 1

when was the personal rule of Nicholas II?

Answer 1

1894-1917

Question 2

what did Nicholas rely on to deal with challenges to his authority?

Answer 2

the army and the okhrana

Question 3

who did the tsar dismiss in 1903?

Answer 3

his most competent advisor- Sergei Witte

Question 4

what occurred in the 1905 revolution (bloody sunday)?

Answer 4

•january- strikes break out involving 150,000 workers
•Father Gapon led a peaceful march of 20,000 workers to the winter palace demanding improved working conditions and political reform.
•troops fired and hundreds were killed
•soviets of elected factory workers were formed to co-ordinate strikes
•august: peasants rioted and a ‘peasants union’ was formed
•nicholas promised a restricted state duma- which revolutionaries regarded as too weak
•september- a printers strike in moscow spread and led to a general strike in october

Question 5

what happened in january 1905?

Answer 5

january- strikes break out involving 150,000 workers
•Father Gapon led a peaceful march of 20,000 workers to the winter palace demanding improved working conditions and political reform.
•troops fired and hundreds were killed

Question 6

what happened in august 1905?

Answer 6

august: peasants rioted and a ‘peasants union’ was formed
•nicholas promised a restricted state duma- which revolutionaries regarded as too weak

Question 7

what did the october manifesto promise?

Answer 7

•civil liberties, such as freedom of speech, conscience press and assembly for all
•state duma, elected by universal suffrage, to pass laws

Question 8

what was the impact of the october manifesto?

Answer 8

•most liberals (kadets, progressives and octobrists) accepted it
•the social revolutionaries/ democrats rejected it
•many workers were unconvinced by the tsars promises and continued to support the SRs and the SDs
•peasant uprisings continued, especially with the hopes of land redistribution