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The Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

Churchills Speech

A

sound an alarm - iron curtain - act of war - Stalin - brought Truman to the speech

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2
Q

End of war and returning vets

A

coming home to loved ones is heaven - decompression chamber - few jobs - took anything - economy increasing $

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3
Q

GI Bill of Rights

A

pay for education and housing by government for vets - not given to AA

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4
Q

Suburbs

A

built homes for vets in suburbs - all white people moved to the cookie cutter suburbs - no black people allowed - 180 homes built a week - 1,000s of vets housed - high American pride

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5
Q

Baby Boom

A

1946-52 25 million kids born - everyone having kids

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6
Q

Women

A

had it hard worked a lot - step back for vets bc they had to work at home with kids now that the dad had a job

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7
Q

African Americans - returning

A

still discriminated - not given the same amount of treatment that the white returning vets were given - Truman was angry about treatment- Jack Rodgers - first black man to play baseball in the mlb

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8
Q

Conditions in europe

A

suicidal war - Victor but humiliated - majority of war was fought in Europe so everything was burned down and destroyed - many dead - Soviets very vulnerable - coldest winter ever - lots of homeless people

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9
Q

Communism v Capitalism

A
  • US sent 13 million to Europe to help them repair - and were worried ppl would result to communism
  • ## um this is \probmworng
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10
Q

American Response to the problems in Europe

A

sent 13 mil to start them up again - no communists

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11
Q

Soviets take over eastern Europe and Berlin

A

stripped away what US was giving them - people tried to escape- closed borders - ppl trapped

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12
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

rape, burning and fighting, western allies arrive by plane to supply west Berlin - first face-to-face of the Cold war - Berlin separated into sections of the allies - US, France and UK put theirs together to create west Berlin, east berlin is Soviets - airlift was their only supplies - lifeline

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13
Q

USSR gets the bomb

A

1949 - different world - lived knowing a bomb could be dropped at any moment - built bomb shelters - America really scared

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14
Q

China

A

mao-zedong a communist defeats the US soldiers in China - china falls

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15
Q

Korean War Begins

A

June 25, 1950 - North Korea supported by USSR and china - attacked south Korea - men torn from families to fight - 2 years - 53,000 US dead - US treated Korean War not well - “forgotten war” - not a personal threat so didn’t care

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16
Q

The Red Scare (McCarthy/Rosenbergs)

A

1950 - fear of communist - Joseph McCarthy - said communists invaded highest levels of government - fear - uncertainty - insecurity - mickey spallane - famous writer who targeted Hollywood - (not spallane everyone) thought communists were taking over america

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17
Q

popular entertainment

A

movies - learned right and wrong from movies - good Americans - got life from movies

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18
Q

containment

A

fired mcarthur for wanting to drop bombs

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19
Q

HUAC

A
  • testify un communist influences - political undesirables - don’t hire - blacklists - don’t hire - driven to suicide - out of counting - targeted hollywood
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20
Q

eisenhower in 1952

A

republican hero - promised to bring peace to korea

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21
Q

Importance TV

A

eisenhower used TV for political campaigns - big part of politics - major force in social force - everyone watching TV - the show of shows - popular TV show

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22
Q

Korean War Ends

A

1958 - 50,000 soldiers return - put the war behind them - strange - bursting w/ energy

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23
Q

eisenhower 1953-1960

A

kept his pledge to solve the Korean conflict - domestic life = new priority - go back to his childhood America - white man had the last word - women stayed at home

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24
Q

American society

A

economic boom transforming society - wages going up $ in banks - white collar work advertising public relations preferred jobs everyone married

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25
Playboy and Societal Changes
new societal norms - secretory had to be good looking - not a good time for women - playboy magazine - Marilyn Monroe
26
TV and Advertising
integral part - everyone wanted a TV - more affordable - live TV - more abandoned - captive to ads - bought more - targeted at family audiences - playboy magazine
27
Teenagers and Rock and Roll
Lloyd price - didn't have a name at first - rock and roll - had their own music - young people - afraid kids were falling in love with black people and music - rebellious feelings - elvis - big star - brought energy - called vulgar - changed him - hero of change
28
Beat Movement
poetry and language in teens/youth - why? there's more to life - the beats - hip
29
Automobile
opened up world - changing America - car = symbol of American life - cars were now emblems of personality - nationwide automobile - drive-ins/motels - new highway system - 1956 - maps - freeways built high for easy move of missiles - eisenhower wanted no military traffic
30
The Cold War and the Atomic War
struggle everywhere - Hungary thought US would help against - soviets - hard decision for US - 10,000 Hungarians dead - US never helped - 8 months to develop hydrogen bomb - tested in 1958 in Arizona reaction of troops - bright light - awful noise - destroys everything - 2,584 went to test - 3 still alive today - died immediately or of radiation cancer - rockets to drop bombs - US not working - never went right - 108 trials - October 4 , 1957 - Sputnik goes up - Soviets were first in space - had shelters - brought terror to US - always afraid - Nixon and Soviet just to discuss capitalism and communism - prove their society is better - insecure US - was the US behind - wasting time/lives -only hope was fake
31
Kennedy V Nixon on TV
anti - communists - Kennedy - candidate of the new generation even though the same age of Nixon - appeared younger - wore makeup - energy was infectious - enthusiastic - Nixon looked sickly - didn't wear makeup
32
Kennedy's Presidency
electric words/speeches - seemed like a regular guy
33
Space Race - Yuri gagarin
scared of USSR getting weapons in space - sent Alan Shepard to the moon - USSR beating them sent yuri gagarin to the space
34
Bay of Pigs
all allied forces out of Berlin - both sides had nuclear weapon - Cuba becomes communists - exiles in Cuba - humiliated - CIA scheme - left them stranded on bay of Pigs island
35
Nuclear Fear
families had bomb shelters - schools had drills - thought a bomb would be dropped at any moment - both had weapons and ways to drop them
36
Berlin and the Wall
soviets build - risking lives to escape communism - between west and east berlin
37
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962 - October - thought Soviets were putting missiles in Cuba - on max alert - put blockade around Cuba - Americans believed they were gonna die - terrified
38
Peace Corps
way for young people to serve - get together to make change - counter communism
39
Green Berets
highly trained army men who went to Vietnam - special forces
40
Nuremberg Trials
Put Nazis/Japanese on trial for war crimes - decided whether they were guilty or not - symbolic closure of ww2 - 4 judges one from each allied country - 1945-49 - 12 death row - 3 for life - show the impact the nazis made and their crimes - allies decide everything
41
Manhattan Project and the Bomb
Oppenheimer led - Einstein sends letter to FDR - thinks Germany is making a nuke - 105 Alamos boys ranch - worked on the gadget - 2 types - shoot out gun w/ uranium called the little boy - and plutonium called the fat man - tested in Trinity could've blown up the world but tried anyways - wanted German scientist
42
Operation Paperclip
american plan to get German scientists - got Wernher von Braun - who should've been in jail for German war crimes - wanted to send people to the moon not drop bombs
43
Yalta Conference
February 1945 - FDR looks terrible - close to death - decided how to divide Poland - last time stalin and Churchill meet - invaded poland to start war - stalin claims Poland is a matter of life and death- friendly - compromise - communist gov recognized, free elections promised - but didn't happen - divide Germany/Berlin into zones
44
Germany and Berlin
let Soviets take berlin - earned the right - suffrage - enoe - Trieste line - iron curtain - Soviets stopped - US stopped - 4 zones - (gb, US, ussr, fr) - Stalin demands heavy reparations for Germany 0 trade goods and industrial equip instead of cash
45
Soviet Goals
Germany remain weak - protective barrier in eastern Europe - Poland/Romania to appoint communist government - don't want to be attacked
46
American Goals
international trade is essential - depression caused ww2 - severe bc nations reduced trade and needed resources - leads to economic growth and peace - distrust - political differences - each believe they wanted to take over the world
47
Misconceptions between the soviets and west berlin
both believed they wanted to take over the world - afraid of each other - distrust
48
Potsdam Conference
atley - replace Churchill - have to agree bc they have atomic bomb - Truman beliefs - Germany economy and industry need to be strong - strongly anti-communist - anti-appeasement - Truman hints to Stalin about new weapon - stalin reactions is poor bc he already knew - Stalin doesn't care 0 pro-communists gov - P, R, B, H, C - buffer nations
49
Iron Curtain
churchill speech about USSR - iron curtain of communism in berlin
50
Containing Communism
keeping communism where it is - not spreading - believed Soviet system would fall apart
51
Truman Doctrine
statement of belief - policy 0 Soviets breaking Yalta agreement - support free peoples - keep from communists - through economic/financial aid - military isaitamil - marshall plan - Greece irah turkey
52
Marshall Plan
secretary of state - George c marshall - aid other countries - strong economy - lift Europe out of bad things - money to European nations for economic recovery - offered to Soviets - but declined the money - Truman Doctrine and marshall plan = containment
53
Berlin Airlift
US, GB, F merge zones in Germany - independent but not allowed to have a military - Soviets cut all road/rail traffic to west - allies bring supplies to west Berlin - lifeline
54
NATO
North Atlantic treaty organization - started w/ 12 countries in west europe - Warsaw pact - Soviet union and satellites
55
Korean War (C22S2)
divided - Soviets and USA - 35,000 Koreans dead by war starts - US sends aid to south Korea - MacArthur fights Inchon - November 25 china sends troops to push back allies - MacArthur wanted to bomb china but Truman says no and fires him - 157,000 US combat casualties - 2 million civilians 1 millions soldiers - Korea - armistice signed but not south Korea - DMZ
56
Brinkmanship
could destroy world - on the brink of war - keep getting close to war - constant threat of nuclear war - mutually assured destruction - MAD - war stay war - retaliation would destroy - no 1st strike - 1960s
57
New Military Technology
bomber planes - missiles - nuclear submarines - couldn't track - project power - hit anyone anytime
58
Poverty AMidst prosperity, the inner city, racial inequality
decline of inner city - poor people people of color - suburbs - taxes leave - urban renewal projects (low cost housing) - fail - AA poverty - living in northern inner cities - earning 51% of whites earnings - reasons - discrimination in housing, hiring, medical care, salaries
59
Appalachia
in mountains - coal mining - poor farmland - leave for big cities
60
1st image - superman
polish artist - 1960s - roman cieslewicz - 1968 - each nation is a mirror of each other - equally harmful - have the same amount of power - superman represents masculinity, machismo, and ridiculousness - poland terrified - no weapons
61
2nd image - trolley photos and stuff
Robert frank - the Americans - 1969 - highlights things you walk by everyday - made US look depressing- didn't like it- bringing up an America people weren't comfortable with - race, poverty, working class, loneliness

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