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History > Great Depression > Flashcards

Great Depression Flashcards

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1
Q

The Red Scare

A

communism - paranoia - working class wanted this - wanted ownership of land and things - believed immigrants brought communist ideas which led to deportation - sacco and vanzetti - scapegoating

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2
Q

Bull Vs Bear Market

A

Bull Market - long term rage, very active
Bear Market - hibernation, slow economy, nothing was happening

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3
Q

Margin/ Margin Calls

A

borrowing money from broker to invest in stocks - margin call is when the broker sends a notice to the investor to sell the stock because the stock has dropped below the margin

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4
Q

Main Reasons for Great Depression

A

economic decline - cyclical effect? - stock market crash - banks close - uneven distribution of wealth and income - overproduction - wages

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5
Q

Black Thursday and Tuesday

A

October 24 and 29 - thursday was the first day of the stock market crash - tuesday - shares traded - stock market took a big dive down

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6
Q

Banks Close

A

banks loaned around 6 million - people lost a lot of money - banks lost money when people couldn’t pay back loans - families lost savings - 3500 banks closed by 1932

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7
Q

Bank Runs

A

people transfer their money into other banks as their bank starts failing

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8
Q

Bonus Army Marchers

A

army veterans wanted their bonuses - promised to get them in 1945 but wanted now - breaking points because they couldn’t get jobs or survive - wall street crash - had nothing

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9
Q

Riding the Rails

A

hoover is very unpopular - economy was very bad - blamed on hoover - people were moving to make money - had nothing so took freight trains for change

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10
Q

Repatriation

A

mexicans were a threat - they had to go across the border for medical care - 1.8 million people deported - 80% of them were american citizens with mexican descent - fired mexicans to give whites jobs

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11
Q

Years of Dust Photo - guy sitting outside with newspaper

A

ben shahn - years of dust - social realism - displayed the reality of life - dust bowl - add to donate or help victims of the dust storm - resettlement administration

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12
Q

Photo with a bunch of people migrating into Chicago, New York, and St. Louis

A

Great Migration Series - Jacob Lawrence - complexity of life during the great migration

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13
Q

Causes of the Dust Bowl

A

soil erosion - topsoil was taken off the ground - got stuck together during drought - poor agriculture practices - wind picked up the dust and blew it as far as NY

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14
Q

Hobos

A

men who traveled from town to town on freight trains in search of work and better life

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15
Q

Credit/Installment

A

installment - monthly payments to pay off debt - slowdown in retail - started buying on credit cards which brought a lot of debt

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16
Q

TVA Bill

A

tennessee valley authority - jobs for unemployed - provided flooding safety and electricity

17
Q

FDIC Bill

A

federal deposit insurance confederation - stimulate economy - fully insure people so they always get their money back - combat unemployment

18
Q

CCC Bill

A

civilian conservation corps - control erosion and protect environment - national parks - 3 million jobs preserving landscape - $30 a week

19
Q

NRA Bill

A

national recovery administration - most ambitious but brought unity - wages went up and prices went down - very popular - made FDR very well liked - had giant parade

20
Q

WPA Bill

A

works progress administration - rebuilt schools and airports - musicians and artists were also affected - access music and speeches through radio - established governments role - secure the well-being of americans

21
Q

FDR and Eleanor

A

relied on each other - didn’t have a good marriage but had a good partnership - pushed each other - wanted each others approval

22
Q

Eleanor Roosevelt

A

first first lady to have her own conferences - only women reporters - laranna hick - bff and assumed lover - most known woman in the world

23
Q

FDR’s Polio

A

wore a mask of happiness but was very depressed - couldn’t stand on his own - no one knew how bad it was - visited those with polio - comforting to know your president was going through the same thing as many others

24
Q

Arthurdale

A

west virginia - run by eleanor - built a bunch of houses for unemployed families - changed lives - couldn’t do it again bc too expensive

25
Q

African Americans and FDR’s Reaction

A

African Americans suffered the most - help went to whites first - AA needs ignored - booker t washington - maria macleod buffoon - gardener stopped her from going in - was friend of FDR - FDR didn’t sign lynching bill bc of public image

26
Q

NRA Invalidated

A

unconstitutional validates legislature? - restrained held back - started taxes on wealthy - federal aid to mothers, children, handicapped, and blind

27
Q

Share Our Wealth

A

huey long - populist - call for wealth redistribution - very appealing to poor people

28
Q

National Labor Relations Board

A

guarantee the rights of employees - known as wagner act - requires businesses to bargain in a way to good faith to their employees

29
Q

Social Security Act

A

starts at 65 - taxes on all paychecks until 65 when you start to get social security benefits - tax protects elders, widows, and orphans - still have this today - changed lives

30
Q

Dust Bowl

A

no way to exaggerate how awful it was - constant flow of wind and dust - nowhere to run from it - environmental catastrophe - mass exodus of americans - perserverence

31
Q

Why Hoover Was Elected

A

economy was doing great - he ran food administration in WW1- nominated by republicans - won by a landslide

32
Q

What Was FDR Known For

A

his smile and being someone who could never be depressed even though he was very depressed - fireside chats on the radio - like a father figure

33
Q

Roosevelt’s Early Reaction and His Cabinet

A

closed banks - withdrawal - relied on support of americans - changed mindsets - cabinet sworn in - Frances Perkin - 1st woman in cabinet - openings for women, AA, Jews, and more

34
Q

FDR’s Biggest Goals

A

help unemployment and economy - if things don’t go well - i’ll be the last president - if something doesn’t work try something else

35
Q

Depression Continues and People Get Frustrated

A

10 million people were still jobless - started saying FDR is dictator - ideas making worse - enemies couldn’t even say his name - betraying everything they believe in - incapable of change - townsend plan - money to ppl over 70 to retire

History (4 decks)

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