The cognitive revolution Flashcards
What is the Gestalt theory?
A development of nativist/rationalist conceptualisations of the mind applied primarily to the topic of perception.
Why does the Gestalt theory contrast with empiricist views?
Empiricist views consider the mind a ‘blank slate’ (tabula rasa) that acquires all knowledge through learning.
When did the Gestalt theory emerge?
In austria and germany around 1920s
Who created the Gestalt theory?
Wertheimer, Koffka, Kohler
What are the seven principles of perceptual organisation?
Figure ground separation (white background, black background)
Continuity (lines)
Closure (broken parts)
Proximity (distance)
Similarity (patterns)
Who created Subjective vs. Objective reality idea?
Koffka (1935)
What was Subjective vs. Objective reality?
Some behaviour can only be understood with reference to people’s subjective reality.
When did Konrad Zesu develop the first binary computer?
1935
When did Zesu and others develop the first computer with a ‘memory’?
1940
When did Zesu develop the first algorithmic programming ‘language’?
1945
When did Grace Hopper develop the first complier?
1950
