The Civil Rights Movement Flashcards
Jim Crow Laws
laws that enforced racial segregation in the South
Black Power
this phrase said by Stokely Carmichael represents blacks being proud of their African Heritage and taking economic and political power over their lives to gain equality.
Poll Tax
poll taxes were used to make it hard for African Americans to vote because now they had to pay a tax to be able to vote.
De Jure Segregation
Separating the races by LAW
Integrate
stop segregation and let African Americans share in schools, buses, and other segregated things.
Literacy Test
Literacy Tests were again used to make it harder for African Americans to register to vote, it was rigged so they wouldn’t be able to vote.
De facto segregation
Separating the races by TRADITION “it’s a fact of life”
Affirmative action
an active effort to improve employment or educational opportunities for members of minority groups and for women.
Suffrage
right to vote
Thurgood Marshall
worked with NAACP court cases, takes on the Brown v. Board of Education case along with others on school segregation.
Orval Faubus
Was the governor that sent the national guard to block the entrance of the Little Rock 9 African American students that wanted to enter the Little Rock High School.
James Farmer
Founder of CORE with other students in Chicago
Medgar Evers
Worked as the leader of the NAACP in Mississippi. He encouraged Blacks in MS to boycott stores that had whites only lunch counters and did not hire black employees. He was assassinated by a member of the KKK in his driveway in MS.
Black Muslims
a political and religious movement of Black people who adopt the religious practices of Islam and seek to establish a new Black- also known as- Nation of Islam.
Emmett Till
A young boy who was lynched by 2 men because he whistled at a women who happened to be related to them. They were declared not guilty by an all white jury.
Jackie Robinson
the first African American to play Major League Baseball in the United States during the 20th century.
Rosa Parks
seamstress, member of NAACP
she was kicked off of a bus for refusing to give up her seat to a white man this was the start of the bus boycott which she helped with.
was known as “the mother of the civil rights movement”
SNCC
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee coordinate youth-led nonviolent, direct-action campaigns against segregation and other forms of racism. Was created because of the lunch counter sit-ins
Stokely Carmichael
Leader of the SNCC. After James Meredith was shot during “march against fear” he, MLK, and others finished the march. After he was arrested, he gave a speech calling for Blacks only to lead the movement and use violent resistance if necessary, he began using the phrase “BLACK POWER”.
Malcolm X
Leader of the Black Muslims. Promoted idea of separation from white society. Use of violent self-defense if necessary; traveled to Mecca on a pilgrimage-changed his views on how to change civil rights injustices. Began to work with MLK and others in non-violent ways; was assassinated not too long after.
