The Civil Rights Campaigns Flashcards
What did the Jim Crow Laws essentially mean and what aspects of life did it impact for African Americans?
Segregation - Education, Law, Employment, Housing, Voting
When was the Brown vs the Board of Education event and what happened?
1954 - Linda Brown wanted to attend local school as it was too dangerous and far away to go to her segregated Black School
-the NAACP and her family took the Board of Education to the Supreme Court and managed to overturn the decision, which allowed Linda Brown to attend local white school
Who were the NAACP and what did they do?
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - they paid for legal aid for Black families who needed their help in court
What happened to Emmett Till?
In 1955, Emmett Till was a black teenager from Chicago who went to Money, Mississippi, after supposedly flirting with a white woman, he was murdered by two white boys. His murder was so shocking that it became national news and it gained a lot of attention, and yet because of the unjust legal system in the area, the two killers were found innocent.
What happened in the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Rosa Parks refused to move from her bus seat for a white passenger in 1955. After she was arrested, she started a boycott of the bus company which lasted for nearly a year into 1956. At the end of which the bus company changed its policy and allowed black passengers to sit wherever they wanted.
What happened at Little Rock, Arkansas?
At Little Rock Central High School in 1957, 9 black students went to attend the school which was supposed to be integrated but wasn’t. The governor of the state sent soldiers to block their entrance whilst President Eisenhower sent national soldiers to protect them.
What happened at Ole Miss and how was it different/similar to what happened at Little Rock?
At Ole Miss (Mississippi State University) in 1962, James Meredith went to register as a student but was met with a night of violence in which hundreds were injured and two people were killed.
-in both cases, segregation came
to an end in school and university.
Where and when were the marches led by Martin Luther King?
March on Birmingham (May 1963)
March on Washington (August 1963)
What were the Sit Ins?
The Sit ins were organised by students to end segregation in cafes and restaurants. They started in North Carolina but spread and ended segregation in Tennessee in 1960.
What were the Freedom Rides?
The Freedom Rides were in 1961 and African Americans sat on buses which were segregated and they refused to move to force the companies to allow them to ride.
What groups were involved in the Civil Rights movement in the 1950s/1990s, and what did they do?
CORE - Congress for Racial Equality - worked through the Freedom Rides
SNCC - Student Non-violent Central Committee - involved in the Sit Ins
SCLC - Southern Christian Leadership Conference - This was Martin Luther King’s group and worked with the marches
When were the three Civil Rights Acts passed?
1957, 1960, 1964
