Civil Rights

Question 1

Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka

Answer 1

-1954
-School girl, Linda Brown, won case with NAACP at the Supreme Court to get into local (White) school, as the segregated one was too far away.

Question 2

What was the NAACP?

Answer 2

-National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
-an organisation for helping African Americans with legal matters

Question 3

The murder of Emmett Till

Answer 3

-1955
-15 year old Emmett Till on holiday in Mississippi
-murdered for wolf whistle at white woman
-funeral exposed the racist attack

Question 4

The Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 4

-1955-56
-Rosa Parks refused to move for white man on public bus, sparking an outcry to not use Montgomery Bus system.
-By 1956, the company changed segregation policy

Question 5

Little Rock High School, Arkansas

Answer 5

-1957
-Supreme Court ordered governor of Arkansas to let 9 A.A. students attend.
-Governor, Orval Faubus, defied this and sent National Guard to prevent access to school.
-Eisenhower sent Federal Troops to protect them and let them in.

Question 6

First Civil Rights Act

Answer 6

-1957
-Eisenhower managed to pass on Congress, forcing states to remove some of Jim Crow Laws.
-Only increased voting by 3% amongst A.A.

Question 7

Second Civil Rights Act

Answer 7

-1960
-Eisenhower managed to force through stricter implementation of the First Act to help improve security for A.A. at elections.

Question 8

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 8

-Series of old laws which were restricting the rights of A.A., mostly in southern states
-Segregation, Voting Rights, Education, Law Enforcement, Employment and Pay

Question 9

SNCC

Answer 9

-Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee
-made up of African Americans and White Americans

Question 10

CORE

Answer 10

-Congress of Race Equality
-founder in 1942, gathered strength

Question 11

SCLC

Answer 11

-Southern Christian Leadership Conference
-MLK - founder
-set up in 1957

Question 12

Malcom X

Answer 12

-believed that MLK actions were too peaceful
-used violence to enforce ideas

Question 13

Black Power Movements

Answer 13

-include Black Panthers, Malcom X, Nation of Islam
-used violence
-often misrepresented in media and put many oft Civil Rights

Question 14

Sit Ins

Answer 14

-1960
-SNCC students sat in white seats in cafes in North Carolina
-refused to move
-spread nationally
-Tennessee desegregated by May 1960

Question 15

Freedom Rides

Answer 15

-1961
-CORE
-Birmingham, Alabama
-sat in buses for whites
-200 activists jailed for 40 days until JFK freed them

Question 16

James Meredith and Ole Miss

Answer 16

-1962
-James Meredith wanted to study at Mississippi State University
-NAACP assisted him
-Federal Marshals went to protect him
-violence led to 2 marshals being killed and 160 people injured

Question 17

Birmingham Civil Rights Match

Answer 17

-1963
-Still no desegregation in Alabama
-MLK organised peaceful march
-local police used dogs and water canons against crowd
-over 1000 arrested including MLK

Question 18

March on Washington

Answer 18

-1963
-‘I have a dream’ speech
-200k black people, 50k white people
-changed attitudes of people and government

Question 19

The Civil Rights Act

Answer 19

-1964
-Illegal to discriminate in housing and employment