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Cellular Processes > The Citric Acid Cycle > Flashcards

The Citric Acid Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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2
Q

Where does the citric acid cycle occur?

A

The mitochondrial matrix

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3
Q

Which enzyme converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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4
Q

How many different types of proten are there in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

3

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5
Q

What is the function of the E1 of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

It catalyses oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate

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6
Q

What is the function of the E2 of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Catalyses the transfer of the acteyl group to CoA

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7
Q

What is the function of the E3 of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Resets the complex, passing electrons to NAD+ to form NADH

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8
Q

What is the function of lipoamide in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A
  • Prosthetic group of E2
  • Acts as a bendy arm, which is able to move substrates between active sites
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9
Q

How is the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex regulated?

A

Through phosphorylation

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10
Q

What are the 2 enzymes involved in the regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Kinase and phosphatase

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11
Q

Which enzyme inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Kinase, by phosphorylating it

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12
Q

What enzyme removes inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Phosphorylase

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13
Q

What activates the kinase responsible for inhibiting the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A
  • ATP
  • NADH
  • Acetyl CoA
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14
Q

What activates the phosphorylase responsible for inhibiting the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Ca2+

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15
Q

What inhibits the kinase responsible for inhibiting the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

A

Pyruvate and ADP

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16
Q

How many times does the citric acid cycle turn per molecule of glucose?

A

2

17
Q

What are the sites of regulation in the citric acid cycle?

A
  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase
  • Citrate synthase
  • α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
18
Q

What are the main activators of the citric acid cycle?

A
  • ADP
  • Ca2+
19
Q

What are the main inhibitors ofthe Citric Acid cycle?

A
  • ATP
  • NADH

Cellular Processes (22 decks)

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