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Cellular Processes > Hormonal Control > Flashcards

Hormonal Control Flashcards

1
Q

What are the enzymes involved in regulation of glycogen metabolism?

A
  • Glycogen synthase
  • Glycogen phosphorylase
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2
Q

What is the effect of insulin on glycogen synthase?

A

Activates it

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3
Q

What is the effect of insulin on glycogen phosphorylase?

A

It inhibits it

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4
Q

What is the effect of adrenaline and glucagon on glycogen synthase?

A

They inhibit it

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5
Q

What is the effect of adrenaline and glucagon on glycogen phosphorylase?

A

They activate it

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6
Q

What allosterically activates glycogen synthase?

A

Glucose and G6 phosphate

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7
Q

What allosterically inhibits glycogen phosphorylase?

A

Glucose and G6P

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8
Q

In the muscle what activates glycogen phosphorylase?

A

Ca2+ and AMP

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9
Q

What is signal transduction?

A
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10
Q

What is the effect of insulin on lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation?

A

Inhibits it

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11
Q

What are the two classes of G protein?

A
  1. Heteromeric
  2. Monomeric
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12
Q

What is the other name for monomeric GTPases?

A

Small G proteins

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13
Q

What enzyme switches on small G proteins?

A

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor

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14
Q

Which enzyme inactivates small G proteins?

A

GTPase activating protein

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15
Q

What is the effect of GTPase activating protein?

A

They speed up the intrinsic GTP hydrolysis of monomeric G proteins

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16
Q

What is protein phosphorylation?

A

A covalent modification of side chains by addition of a phosphate group

17
Q

On what amino acids can phosphorylation occur on?

A
  • Serine
  • Threonine
  • Tyrosine
18
Q

Why can serine, threonine, and tryosine be phosphorylation?

A

They have free hydroxyl groups

19
Q

What is the specificity of kinases?

A

Highly specific

20
Q

What are the 2 main classes of kinases?

A
  • Serine/threonine protein kinases
  • Tyrosine kinases
21
Q

How do kinases and phosphatases differ in their specificity?

A

Cellular Processes (22 decks)

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